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[narrator]
The Web transforms us.
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We become data...
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code...
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uploading our very selves...
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...to a place
we call the cloud.
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But this cloud is grounded
in hardware,
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a chaos of code.
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But with the right tools,
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you can find the signal
in the noise.
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[water running]
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[David] Nobody ever
suspected anything.
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I was a newspaper editor,
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I coached,
I was volunteering my time.
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I had really good friends,
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and I had
a really good family.
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That's probably
one of the reasons
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it came as such a shock
to people when I was arrested.
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I've had to spend my whole life
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lying and explaining
and being worried about,
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"Is someone going
to figure this out?"
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I've tried to control myself
the best I could.
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I've tried to lead the best
life that I possibly could.
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I know that my life
would've been different,
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not wonderful,
but at least better,
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if I'd never gone
on the Internet.
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[rooster crows]
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[narrator] A girl
on the other side of the world
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drawn into the darkest corner
of the Internet.
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Here, you can find child porn,
drugs, guns,
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fake passports,
counterfeit money.
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It's a place
where everyone is anonymous
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and invisible
to law enforcement.
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Welcome to the Dark Web.
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You might be tempted
to see it for yourself.
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And what's the harm?
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What's one more click?
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♪♪
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But if you show your body,
3,000, 5,000.
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In one show, in 30 minutes,
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it's easy.
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[narrator] Child cybersex.
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It's an epidemic
on the island of Cebu.
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Jonna Nunez,
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an outreach worker
for the NGO FORGE
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is fighting it door-to-door.
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[Nunez] Even the little boy,
even the little girl,
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they know already
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what is cyber pornography.
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It's a show-show
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to remove your clothes,
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to show your body
to the computer,
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to the Internet.
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[narrator]
Internet access
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is growing faster
in the Philippines
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than almost anywhere
in the world,
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and 80% of it is broadband.
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On the other end
of these cables are servers,
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some hidden in the Dark Web.
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You need a special browser
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to access this part
of the Internet,
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one that conceals
your computer's IP address.
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The first of these browsers
was Tor, the Onion Router,
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named for its layers
of encryption.
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[Virgin] Tor and the Dark Web
was originally a project
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started by
the Navy Research Lab
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here in the United States
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to protect the communications
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of U.S. government personnel.
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[narrator]
Greg Virgin spent eight years
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working for the NSA
and the Department of Defense.
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Later, with his own
cyber security company,
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he helped make Tor
a useful tool
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for political dissidents
abroad,
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giving them a safe way
to communicate
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without fear of reprisal.
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So, Tor project has servers
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all over the world,
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and those servers
accept connections
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from users like our guy here,
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and then bounces
that signal around.
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All of these connections
are encrypted,
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so no one can piece together
who this person is
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and what this person is doing.
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[narrator] The government
made Tor freely available,
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and it was soon put
to more sinister use.
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The Dark Web was born.
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Every day, an estimated
2.5 million people
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use Tor to visit the Dark Web.
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The amount of child porn here
is staggering...
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over 100 million sexually
explicit images of children,
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not to mention live streaming
on webcams.
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[Virgin] So, I've just
opened up the Tor browser,
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and now it's possible for us
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to anonymously browse
the Dark Net.
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[narrator] To avoid
breaking the law himself,
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Greg looks only at text,
not images.
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This is a site
that's live right now.
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You can see that there's
a really disturbing trend
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toward younger
and younger children
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that the Dark Web fosters,
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some ages as young as infants.
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There's even a term
called "pedo mom"
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for mothers who are
trading their children around
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in the community.
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There have been
a number of sites
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dedicated to child torture,
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conversations about
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exactly how to torture a child.
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[narrator]
Greg's goal is to understand
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how child porn is traded
on the Dark Web
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so that law enforcement
can stay a step ahead.
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[Virgin] Just to gain access
to these sites,
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you have to trade
in original child abuse content.
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They are getting you
to break the law
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to make sure
you're not law enforcement,
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and weeding out people
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who aren't
authentic pedophiles.
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It's a community
of relentless users
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that's becoming more and more
difficult for law enforcement,
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for analysts to break into.
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Are you holding Winnie?
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- I am holding...
- Or G.I. Joe?
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No, I'm holding Winnie.
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So sweet.
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Yeah, who knew?
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Yeah, well.
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That's a sweet picture.
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Yeah.
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He has one little finger
sticking out there.
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[chuckles]
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[David]
I think I started having
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feelings of sexual attraction
toward children,
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probably when I was about
15 or 16.
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I can't explain the attraction,
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all I can tell you is
I wish to God I didn't have it.
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I watched child pornography
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and searched for child
pornography every night.
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I looked at pictures
of children that were nude,
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and yes,
I did look at pictures
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and films of children
in sexual acts
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with other children
and with adults.
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[narrator] David says he
has never had physical contact
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or webcam sex with a child.
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He was arrested in 2012 for
possessing child pornography
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and for buying it
on the Internet.
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The feelings are overpowering.
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It just... it runs through
your entire body.
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The power of that addiction
trumps everything.
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The only two things
that would stop me
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from looking
at child pornography
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was being arrested or dying.
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[Renaud]
I'm interested in getting
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into these individual's minds,
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this very secret place
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of being aroused
by a situation like that.
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[narrator]
At a high-security
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psychiatric hospital
in Montreal
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is a darkroom
known as La Cave... The Vault.
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Here, Patrice Renaud
and his team of psychologists
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probe the innermost thoughts
of convicted sex offenders.
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[device beeps]
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[Renaud] We start
by installing the EEG cap.
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We then proceed
with the stereoscopic glasses
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in which we have
a built-in eye-tracking device.
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We then ask the subject
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to install himself
the penile gauge,
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which gives us an idea
of the tumescence,
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that is the level of erection
that the guy present
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at every moment
during the procedure.
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We then present
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a series of animations
and visual immersion
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that brings the individual
back to a state
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and the place that
brought them to offend.
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[man] Children are playing
in a nearby pool,
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and you notice a little girl
about 8 to 10 years old
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who is walking away
from the pool toward you.
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You are thinking about how much
you would like to touch her.
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[narrator]
While the subject is immersed
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in this virtual scene
of the crime,
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the team monitors
his physiological responses.
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If he tries to suppress
his erection by looking away,
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the eye-tracking catches him.
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The results are used
to determine
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how dangerous the offender is
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and whether he needs
to be incarcerated.
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[Renaud] With the guy
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that we're working with
at the moment,
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we recreated a scene
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in which he was molesting
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a 6-year-old girl
in his apartment
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and killing her afterward,
sadly.
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So, we want to understand
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what motive the individual
had at the moment.
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Is the killing
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also a sexual part
of the crime?
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So, it becomes a way
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to go even deeper
in the psyche of the individual
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as it comes
to his sexual preferences.
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[narrator] An estimated
1% of men are pedophiles,
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meaning that their dominant
sexual attraction
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is to prepubescent children,
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even if they never act on it.
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Many psychologists
see pedophilia
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as a deep-rooted preference
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that can't be changed,
only managed.
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♪♪
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[narrator]
An undercover investigator
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with the Children's
Legal Bureau,
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a Filipino NGO,
is meeting with his informant.
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The couple is allegedly
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abusing their own children
on webcam
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for foreign customers.
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These are photos
from the case file.
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The older daughter, age 12,
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and the younger one, age 10.
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[woman] Okay.
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[girl sniffles]
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[children shouting playfully]
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[sighs]
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My name is Sweetie.
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I'm 10 years old.
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I live in the Philippines.
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Every day, I have to sit
in front of the webcam
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and talk to men.
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They play with themselves.
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They want me
play with myself.
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But what they don't know...
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I'm not real.
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I'm a computer model.
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[narrator]
"Sweetie" was the bait
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00:19:07,534 --> 00:19:09,483
in a global sting operation
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conducted by the Dutch NGO,
Terre des Hommes, in 2013.
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00:19:14,424 --> 00:19:16,513
[Sweetie]
As soon as I go online,
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they come to me.
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10... 100 every hour.
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So many.
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[narrator]
Sweetie fooled more men
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than anyone could've imagined.
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Over a 10-week period,
more than 20,000 guys
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offered to pay her
for webcam sex.
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1,000 of them gave up
personal information
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from 71 countries.
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If you think that's a lot
of customers, consider this...
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Sweetie was only introduced
in 19 chatrooms,
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but the FBI estimates
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that there are over
40,000 chatrooms
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where, at any given moment,
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3/4 of a million people
are looking for child porn.
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The original Sweetie
was controlled
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00:19:58,484 --> 00:20:01,593
by four researchers
in an Amsterdam warehouse.
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Sweetie 2.0 will be able
to generate her own dialogue
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and carry on thousands
of conversations
253
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at the same time,
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but only
if she can gain access
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to the heavily encrypted sites
where child porn is traded.
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00:20:14,574 --> 00:20:16,413
Sweetie may have evolved,
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but the Dark Web
is evolving faster.
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[Virgin] At some point,
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00:20:21,374 --> 00:20:24,504
doing the investigations
is going to become too hard.
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I don't feel that there's a way
around the encryption,
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00:20:28,374 --> 00:20:30,513
and I do honestly feel
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that it's only
a matter of time
263
00:20:32,474 --> 00:20:37,513
before we have very private,
very inaccessible sites
264
00:20:37,514 --> 00:20:39,463
that perform very well
265
00:20:39,464 --> 00:20:42,413
and give this particular
class of consumer
266
00:20:42,414 --> 00:20:44,453
everything that they need.
267
00:20:44,454 --> 00:20:46,443
I would say it's moving
twice as fast
268
00:20:46,444 --> 00:20:49,373
as some of the trends
in cyber security.
269
00:20:49,374 --> 00:20:52,434
I think we've only got
a couple more years.
270
00:20:54,524 --> 00:20:56,393
[narrator]
As a sting operation,
271
00:20:56,394 --> 00:20:58,603
Sweetie was not
entirely successful.
272
00:20:58,604 --> 00:21:03,583
Europol warned that some judges
would consider it entrapment.
273
00:21:03,584 --> 00:21:06,423
Of those 20,000 men
who took the bait,
274
00:21:06,424 --> 00:21:09,463
only 6 have been convicted.
275
00:21:09,464 --> 00:21:10,583
But there's no doubt
that Sweetie helped
276
00:21:10,584 --> 00:21:14,543
raise awareness
about child cybersex.
277
00:21:14,544 --> 00:21:16,514
[keyboard clacking]
278
00:21:19,434 --> 00:21:24,373
[David]
Shortly after my arrest...
279
00:21:24,374 --> 00:21:26,463
[Woman]
"To me, since my arrest..."
280
00:21:26,464 --> 00:21:28,583
Okay.
281
00:21:28,584 --> 00:21:30,453
And my phone number.
282
00:21:30,454 --> 00:21:32,553
[Woman]
Oh, and your phone number.
283
00:21:32,554 --> 00:21:34,573
[David] I was released
on the conditions
284
00:21:34,574 --> 00:21:36,483
that I couldn't use
the Internet
285
00:21:36,484 --> 00:21:37,603
or have a computer in my home,
286
00:21:37,604 --> 00:21:39,413
and that I couldn't
go anywhere
287
00:21:39,414 --> 00:21:40,563
where children
would congregate,
288
00:21:40,564 --> 00:21:42,463
like parks
289
00:21:42,464 --> 00:21:45,484
or recreation centers,
swimming pools.
290
00:21:48,394 --> 00:21:50,443
When I was looking at children
on the Internet,
291
00:21:50,444 --> 00:21:51,553
I hated myself for doing it.
292
00:21:51,554 --> 00:21:55,393
I knew it was wrong.
293
00:21:55,394 --> 00:21:56,583
I knew the children
in child pornography
294
00:21:56,584 --> 00:21:58,393
had been abused,
295
00:21:58,394 --> 00:22:01,393
and they suffered
horrible consequences
296
00:22:01,394 --> 00:22:02,603
for the rest of their lives.
297
00:22:02,604 --> 00:22:04,593
Sometimes I would just stare
at these kids and wonder like,
298
00:22:04,594 --> 00:22:06,443
you know, where are they now,
299
00:22:06,444 --> 00:22:08,453
and what horrible things they've
gone through in their life.
300
00:22:08,454 --> 00:22:11,553
You think about it
sort of in the abstract,
301
00:22:11,554 --> 00:22:15,413
but it doesn't stop you
from doing what you're doing.
302
00:22:15,414 --> 00:22:18,413
[narrator] Psychologists
call this "dissociation"...
303
00:22:18,414 --> 00:22:19,603
a screen allows you
to detach
304
00:22:19,604 --> 00:22:22,463
your real self
from your online behavior
305
00:22:22,464 --> 00:22:24,433
and create
an alternative reality
306
00:22:24,434 --> 00:22:27,503
where social norms
no longer apply.
307
00:22:27,504 --> 00:22:30,403
[David] I'm not defending
looking at child pornography,
308
00:22:30,404 --> 00:22:32,523
but if people
weren't producing it,
309
00:22:32,524 --> 00:22:34,604
we wouldn't be looking at it.
310
00:22:39,604 --> 00:22:42,453
[narrator] Producers of child
pornography in the Philippines
311
00:22:42,454 --> 00:22:44,543
are being targeted.
312
00:22:44,544 --> 00:22:47,454
Every so often,
another raid makes the news.
313
00:22:51,384 --> 00:22:52,523
Children watch the police
314
00:22:52,524 --> 00:22:55,424
take their parents away
in handcuffs.
315
00:22:56,494 --> 00:22:59,453
The children are relocated
to a government shelter
316
00:22:59,454 --> 00:23:01,871
where they live until their
parents serve out prison terms.
317
00:23:05,434 --> 00:23:08,443
But fighting child cybersex
at the source
318
00:23:08,444 --> 00:23:09,573
is like fighting
the heroin trade
319
00:23:09,574 --> 00:23:11,553
by spraying poppy fields.
320
00:23:11,554 --> 00:23:13,493
If global demand
is strong enough,
321
00:23:13,494 --> 00:23:15,573
there will always be people
eager to meet it,
322
00:23:15,574 --> 00:23:19,583
especially in poor countries
like the Philippines.
323
00:23:19,584 --> 00:23:22,383
♪♪
324
00:23:22,384 --> 00:23:24,463
For over two years,
325
00:23:24,464 --> 00:23:26,413
the Children's Legal Bureau
has been trying
326
00:23:26,414 --> 00:23:28,373
to get the local police
to arrest the couple
327
00:23:28,374 --> 00:23:31,384
allegedly pimping
their own children.
328
00:23:42,464 --> 00:23:45,543
The investigators have built
an impressive case,
329
00:23:45,544 --> 00:23:48,403
including a floor plan
of the house...
330
00:23:48,404 --> 00:23:51,393
everything they need
for a search warrant.
331
00:23:51,394 --> 00:23:53,503
But every time they schedule
a case conference,
332
00:23:53,504 --> 00:23:55,583
the police postpone.
333
00:23:55,584 --> 00:23:59,513
You'd think the community
would be up in arms.
334
00:23:59,514 --> 00:24:02,523
[Nunez] The community,
they already know
335
00:24:02,524 --> 00:24:05,413
the operation of this family,
336
00:24:05,414 --> 00:24:08,423
but some of the neighbors
depend on this family
337
00:24:08,424 --> 00:24:12,473
because they can easy
borrow money from them,
338
00:24:12,474 --> 00:24:17,434
so it's better to keep silence
and do nothing.
339
00:24:19,534 --> 00:24:21,543
[Virgin] What we're seeing
right now on the Dark Web
340
00:24:21,544 --> 00:24:23,553
is market creation.
341
00:24:23,554 --> 00:24:28,413
So, in much the same way
there were a bunch
342
00:24:28,414 --> 00:24:32,483
of failed social media site
attempts before Facebook,
343
00:24:32,484 --> 00:24:35,593
what we see in the Dark Web
is sites, forums
344
00:24:35,594 --> 00:24:37,483
that are coming and going
345
00:24:37,484 --> 00:24:39,603
in a community
of relentless users
346
00:24:39,604 --> 00:24:41,473
who are really working
to build
347
00:24:41,474 --> 00:24:44,553
what hopefully
I'm wrong about,
348
00:24:44,554 --> 00:24:49,403
is this more perfect way
of sharing child pornography.
349
00:24:49,404 --> 00:24:53,553
If 1% of the general population
really has these cravings,
350
00:24:53,554 --> 00:24:57,443
think about the amount
of currently unmet demands
351
00:24:57,444 --> 00:24:59,563
these networks could be
meeting.
352
00:24:59,564 --> 00:25:03,444
It's a very dangerous time.
353
00:25:05,404 --> 00:25:08,443
[Renaud] It's a bit like
an arms race, in a sense,
354
00:25:08,444 --> 00:25:10,373
because with the advent
355
00:25:10,374 --> 00:25:13,503
of Internet
and virtual reality,
356
00:25:13,504 --> 00:25:15,543
pornography evolves,
357
00:25:15,544 --> 00:25:18,483
and child pornography
will evolve,
358
00:25:18,484 --> 00:25:21,603
and we try to be always
a step ahead.
359
00:25:21,604 --> 00:25:24,423
[narrator]
Professor Renaud and his team
360
00:25:24,424 --> 00:25:26,583
are exploring the use
of virtual reality
361
00:25:26,584 --> 00:25:29,543
to help pedophiles
control their impulses.
362
00:25:29,544 --> 00:25:32,413
Even if something bad
happens here,
363
00:25:32,414 --> 00:25:33,563
let's say he has
a full-on erection,
364
00:25:33,564 --> 00:25:36,523
there is absolutely
no children... it's virtual.
365
00:25:36,524 --> 00:25:40,393
[narrator] Which raises
an intriguing question.
366
00:25:40,394 --> 00:25:42,533
What if child avatars
like Sweetie
367
00:25:42,534 --> 00:25:46,503
could be used as virtual
partners for pedophiles...
368
00:25:46,504 --> 00:25:49,553
a safe way to satisfy
their urges?
369
00:25:49,554 --> 00:25:53,413
Maybe fewer real children
would be harmed.
370
00:25:53,414 --> 00:25:55,483
It's a risky proposition.
371
00:25:55,484 --> 00:26:00,393
For some men, it might have
the opposite effect.
372
00:26:00,394 --> 00:26:04,413
[Renaud] Using virtual reality
to experience sexuality
373
00:26:04,414 --> 00:26:07,463
is a very delicate matter
374
00:26:07,464 --> 00:26:12,433
since some fantasies
may be lived very intensely
375
00:26:12,434 --> 00:26:16,403
and can leave traits
in the brain.
376
00:26:16,404 --> 00:26:18,603
So where is the boundary?
Where's the limits?
377
00:26:18,604 --> 00:26:23,433
What can we really allow
an individual to do?
378
00:26:23,434 --> 00:26:27,513
[narrator] There's no cure,
there's no crackdown
379
00:26:27,514 --> 00:26:29,453
that will delete
child pornography
380
00:26:29,454 --> 00:26:31,413
from our world.
381
00:26:31,414 --> 00:26:35,523
We're left to our own devices
and our ability
382
00:26:35,524 --> 00:26:39,594
to learn that every click
has consequences.
383
00:26:40,564 --> 00:26:44,583
[David] I don't think anybody
can explain their attractions.
384
00:26:44,584 --> 00:26:46,514
I think
it's the luck of the draw.
385
00:26:48,554 --> 00:26:52,513
We can't control what we are.
386
00:26:52,514 --> 00:26:55,383
What we can control
is what we do.
387
00:26:55,384 --> 00:26:56,533
[narrator] Meanwhile,
388
00:26:56,534 --> 00:26:59,523
child cybersex
continues to spread,
389
00:26:59,524 --> 00:27:02,523
especially
in the developing world.
390
00:27:02,524 --> 00:27:04,513
[Virgin]
If we can address the poverty,
391
00:27:04,514 --> 00:27:07,533
if we can address
the vulnerability,
392
00:27:07,534 --> 00:27:09,563
that is really
what we should be doing
393
00:27:09,564 --> 00:27:12,494
regardless
of what's happening online.
394
00:27:24,474 --> 00:27:26,523
[Nunez]
We are fighting this battle
395
00:27:26,524 --> 00:27:29,554
for the future of our children.
396
00:27:36,594 --> 00:27:38,554
♪♪