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Reports of UFO sightings come
from all corners of the globe.

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I was taken onboard a
200-foot-diameter spacecraft

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- in the Mojave Desert and given...
- I saw two great big, real

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bright lights hanging up in the air.

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Most believe these
alien encounters are a

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modern phenomenon, but the fact
is they have been reported for

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thousands of years.

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Practically
every human civilization have

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been in touch with
extraterrestrial beings.

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In India, Israel.

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The
Mayans and the Aztecs.

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The idea that there
was one or more non-human

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groups inspiring us is the truth.

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Millions of people around
the world believe we

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have been visited in the past
by extraterrestrial beings.

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But what if it were true?

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Did ancient aliens really
help to shape our history?

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And if so, where did they come from?

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And just who were the visitors?

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Sync by kuniva for addic7ed.com

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Roswell, New Mexico.

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This sleepy town in America's
Southwest was once best known

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for its large military air base.

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But that changed in 1947
when a local rancher reported

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that a spaceship crashed
on his property.

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Several weeks later, the U.S.

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Army issued a press release
confirming the existence of an

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alien craft.

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The next day, the military
changed its story and announced

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that what they had found
was a weather balloon.

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These conflicting reports sent
shock waves around the world,

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and the name "Roswell" became
a pop culture code word that

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forever links extraterrestrial
visitation with enduring mystery.

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Speculation about
why the Roswell crash would be

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covered up is difficult to pin down.

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Some people talk about this in
terms of information that would

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be shattering to our worldview.

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Almost
everyone's heard about the

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so-called Roswell event,
and one of the real

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implications of disclosure is
that some of our most cherished

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myths about the origins of the
human race and our history

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and archaeology would fall apart.

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Something
happened at Roswell, New Mexico

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a long time ago.

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People want the truth.

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I think there's something in
the human being itself that is

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striving, that is hungry for
this knowledge in order to

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answer questions about
our own existence.

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Today, public opinion
polls indicate more than

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half the world's population
believes aliens have either come

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here in the past or
are coming here now.

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But what is it exactly that
makes so many people believe?

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I do think
looking upward makes sense.

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The universe is large.

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There are things out there
we do not understand.

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There is probably
intelligent life somewhere.

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People tend to
forget that we're on a planet

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that's four and a half
billion years old.

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The presence of our civilization
in that vast scale of time...

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I mean, if I click my finger, it
wouldn't even be fast enough to

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say this is the time
of our civilization.

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And to think that we're the only
ones in this vast period of

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time, to me, is absurd.

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Our galaxy, the
Milky Way, has over 100 billion

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stars.

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And in our universe, we think
there are more than 100 billion

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galaxies.

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So if every star had a planet
with intelligent life, how many

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alien civilizations would we have?

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If you
take us as the crown of

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creation, or the top of
evolution, we look at our self

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as the greatest, the biggest.

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We say, how incredible, uh, unique
we are in the whole universe.

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We forgot to learn modesty.

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Each step
that we take makes us a little

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bit less special.

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We used to think that we were
the center of the universe, as

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humans, and then we realized, "Oh,
all right, well, that's not

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true." And...
But we're at the center of the

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galaxy, and, like, well, all
right, so we're like two thirds

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of the way out in a spiral arm.

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And then, well, at least our sun,
you know, with this... No.

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The sun is actually in the middle,
and the earth goes around it.

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So earth isn't even the
center of that system, and...

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So, the more that we learn,
we sort of, you know...

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It's a very humbling science.

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When man first landed on the moon, our

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perspective on the
universe changed forever.

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Houston, uh, the Eagle has landed.

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We aliens
who happened to...

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go down the ladder on July
20, 1969-- we aliens...

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were certainly part of
a magnificent race.

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I just don't think people have a
grasp for what energy it takes

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to go from one star to another.

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This historic event raised
the question: if humans

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can successfully navigate in
space and explore other worlds,

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why couldn't beings from other
parts of the universe have done

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the same?

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And might they have already come
to Earth hundreds, or perhaps,

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thousands of years ago?

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I think human
past is more fantastic than we

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all believe.

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I have come to the idea that
maybe extraterrestrials were on

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this planet.

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Cahuachi, Peru.

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2,000 years ago, this ancient
settlement served as the

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religious and cultural
capital of the Nazca people.

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But sometime around 500 AD, the
Nazca mysteriously disappeared,

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leaving Cahuachi to
fall into disarray.

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1,400 years later, in 1910,
anthropologist Ales Hrdlicka

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came to Cahuachi to study the
ancient Nazca civilization.

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During a dig, he unearthed some
of the most surprising and

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shocking artifacts he had ever seen.

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They were skulls with
enormous, elongated craniums.

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Where did they come from?

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How did they get there?

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And were they human?

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In Peru, we find
these weird, elongated skulls.

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And they're bizarre-looking.

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I mean, and-and these
people look like aliens.

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One may
say, okay, aliens.

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But another aspect that we have
to consider is that skull and

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cranial deformation, forming
elongated heads is a practice

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that's known throughout
much of the ancient world.

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In 1870, the process of
skull deformation was

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well chronicled by a German
botanist and explorer named

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Georg Schweinfurth.

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While exploring the African
Congo, he came in contact with

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a tribe called the Mangbetu.

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They routinely performed a
ritual of cranial binding that

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allowed them to physically alter
the shape of human skulls.

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They took infants'

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skulls and compressed
them and bound them.

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And they forced the cranium
out and elongate it.

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And in many cases,
they doubled the size.

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And a big question
is why was this being done?

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It may have been a way to
distinguish the elite, perhaps,

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from the everyday people.

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May have been a social
stratification type of issue.

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Something that also appeals to
me is, that may have been a way

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to express physically and maybe
try to achieve physically

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greater levels of consciousness
or higher levels of mental

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ability.

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In my opinion, they
did this in order to mimic

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the gods.

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And those gods were physical
beings because if they were

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just a figment of our ancestors'

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imagination, I don't think
that's a compelling enough

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reason to expose your children
to such a ritual to achieve that

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type of look.

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And in my opinion, these
people were misinterpreted

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flesh-and-blood space travelers.

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Some people have
suggested aliens had elongated

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skulls, and apparently, ancient
peoples are mimicking those

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skulls.

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The old saying is that imitation
is the sincerest form of

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flattery.

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Although there have been
many images that attempt to

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depict what aliens might
actually look like, one in

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particular has come to dominate
the public perception.

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It, too, features an elongated
cranium, and is associated with

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an extraterrestrial race that
many refer to as the grays.

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In terms of entities, one
very common description are

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the so-called grays-- three
and a half, four feet tall,

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essentially humanoid, but,
uh, very spindly with

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disproportionately large heads
and huge black almond-shaped

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eyes.

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But would someone in a
primitive society really

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want to replicate this look
and deform their skull?

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Some archeologists have a
different perspective.

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They point to artistic self-
expression as an explanation of

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these customs.

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There are all
kinds of people that either

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worship the body or use the body
as art, be it a tattoo or a

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piercing of some sort, or tribes
that, that put things in their

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ears or on their lips to try to,
to try to grow parts of their

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body.

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Some societies, we know,
practiced binding parts of the

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body, feet, or heads and try to
make certain shapes, and this

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was done for whatever reason.

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We know today that this isn't
usually the most healthy thing

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to do, but it doesn't
mean people don't do it.

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People are always trying to
change their body to make it

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look a certain way.

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Whatever the explanation
may be for these

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rituals, they are not just found
in Peru and the African Congo.

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Skull deformation is
a global phenomenon.

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What's really
strange is that this is found

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all over the world, and this is
something that archaeologists

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cannot easily explain because,
for people on remote islands,

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for people in South America or
Malta or in Africa to suddenly,

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independently do this cranial
deformation like this seems

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incredible.

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I mean, this is something that
had to be learned, something

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that was taught to them.

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We seem to have basic
similarities, as if there was

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one civilization or at least
one type of culture that was

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influencing people around the world.

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I find it more and more
difficult to believe what I was

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taught as an undergraduate--
that all these different

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cultures just coincidentally
came up with the same concepts

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independently of each other.

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Is it possible that individual
societies around the

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world were influenced
by similar events?

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And were they imitating real
beings who visited from other

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planets?

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00:14:08,422 --> 00:14:12,325
Some of the most compelling
images of an elongated cranium

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00:14:12,393 --> 00:14:16,396
can be traced to ancient Egypt
and the depictions of one of its

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most controversial pharaohs.

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Could it be that he too
was mimicking the look of

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extraterrestrials?

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00:14:24,571 --> 00:14:29,275
Or is there an even more
outrageous explanation?

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00:14:29,310 --> 00:14:33,379
Could he have been one of them?

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Egypt.

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00:14:43,639 --> 00:14:47,242
Long before the ancient
Egyptians built the pyramids or

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00:14:47,276 --> 00:14:52,080
even settled along the Nile
River, they spoke of an era

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called Tep Zepi, or the
beginning of time.

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00:14:57,186 --> 00:15:01,523
According to legends, Tep Zepi
was when "sky-gods" descended

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from the stars to Earth on
flying "boats," and then turned

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mud and water into a new kingdom.

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The word "god,"

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according to the ancient
Egyptian, is "netyro."

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It means a being that
came from the cosmos.

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They are very adamant about
the fact that their gods had

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descended from the stars.

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They tell us that the god
Osiris, who ruled with his

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consort and sister-- the goddess
Isis they were star gods, and

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in fact they identify
them very clearly.

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Osiris was identified the
constellation of Orion.

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Isis was identified as the
god to the star Sirius, the

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brightest star in the sky.

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There's an interesting point
about this-- is that within the

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constellation of Orion is the
so-called nursery of stars.

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The stars in our galaxy
literally were born in that

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zone, and it's really peculiar
that the ancient Egyptians

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insist that the birth of star
gods are in this constellation.

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They truly believed-- they were
very adamant about this-- that

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their origins is in the sky.

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00:16:17,600 --> 00:16:21,136
Something that we see
around the world with ancient

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civilizations is that they had
incredible knowledge of the

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stars, of the planets,
of the heavenly motions.

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The average person in the
ancient world had way more

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00:16:32,949 --> 00:16:38,486
knowledge of what's going on
in the skies than a lot of

244
00:16:38,521 --> 00:16:42,457
well-educated people today.

245
00:16:44,927 --> 00:16:49,197
As ancient Egypt grew into
a great civilization,

246
00:16:49,231 --> 00:16:53,034
its citizens believed their
pharaohs were sons of Osiris and

247
00:16:53,102 --> 00:16:55,537
thus, living gods.

248
00:16:55,571 --> 00:16:59,941
Artwork and wall carvings
depicted them as perfect humans,

249
00:17:00,009 --> 00:17:03,545
and while the people worshipped
many different gods, the pharaoh

250
00:17:03,612 --> 00:17:06,181
stood above them all.

251
00:17:06,248 --> 00:17:09,617
This basic Egyptian religious
belief remained in force for

252
00:17:09,652 --> 00:17:15,824
nearly a thousand years until
one pharaoh changed everything.

253
00:17:15,858 --> 00:17:20,462
Who was this heretic?

254
00:17:20,529 --> 00:17:25,166
His name was Akhenaten, and in
every surviving depiction, he is

255
00:17:25,267 --> 00:17:28,803
shown with an elongated skull.

256
00:17:28,871 --> 00:17:30,972
Who was he?

257
00:17:31,007 --> 00:17:34,809
According to Egyptian mythology,
he too was descended from the

258
00:17:34,877 --> 00:17:39,514
gods who arrived on Earth
at the time of Tep Zepi.

259
00:17:39,548 --> 00:17:45,887
But why do so many still believe
he actually came from the stars?

260
00:17:45,955 --> 00:17:51,059
In 1352 BC, Akhenaten ascended
to the throne as the tenth

261
00:17:51,093 --> 00:17:54,262
pharaoh of the 18th dynasty.

262
00:17:54,330 --> 00:17:57,866
Almost immediately, he
instituted a series of radical

263
00:17:57,900 --> 00:18:02,070
religious changes, including a
ban on references to multiple

264
00:18:02,138 --> 00:18:04,239
gods.

265
00:18:04,273 --> 00:18:07,709
It's a rather strange
thing that he would want to do

266
00:18:07,810 --> 00:18:11,513
that in one sweep, but he ordered
all the, the iconography

267
00:18:11,547 --> 00:18:13,715
of previous gods to be removed.

268
00:18:13,749 --> 00:18:17,352
He only allowed one emblem,
which was a sun emblem,

269
00:18:17,386 --> 00:18:21,723
literally a sun disk with curious
arms or rays pointing down.

270
00:18:21,757 --> 00:18:25,060
Why did he do this?

271
00:18:25,094 --> 00:18:29,764
Because according to his
writings and his poems that were

272
00:18:29,799 --> 00:18:36,671
written about him later on, he
was visited by one of those

273
00:18:36,705 --> 00:18:42,077
beings that descended from the
sky, who told Akhenaten, "This

274
00:18:42,111 --> 00:18:43,711
is the way.

275
00:18:43,779 --> 00:18:45,346
I am your god."

276
00:18:45,414 --> 00:18:49,584
This sun god was known as Aten.

277
00:18:49,652 --> 00:18:54,222
Akhenaten claimed to be a
direct descendent of Aten.

278
00:18:54,323 --> 00:18:59,227
Akhenaten, like any
other pharaoh, regarded himself

279
00:18:59,295 --> 00:19:00,862
to be divine.

280
00:19:00,930 --> 00:19:02,230
He was a god.

281
00:19:02,298 --> 00:19:04,866
Not only himself believed
himself to be a god, but the

282
00:19:04,900 --> 00:19:06,768
whole nation saw him as a god.

283
00:19:06,836 --> 00:19:13,007
Now, the definition of a god is
that he was a descendant from

284
00:19:13,042 --> 00:19:17,545
these celestial beings.

285
00:19:17,580 --> 00:19:21,249
During his fourth year
as pharaoh, Akhenaten

286
00:19:21,283 --> 00:19:24,352
ordered the construction
of a new capital city.

287
00:19:24,386 --> 00:19:30,725
He called it Amarna and
dedicated it to the sun.

288
00:19:30,826 --> 00:19:34,796
Akhenaten would spend the next
ten years here, during which

289
00:19:34,830 --> 00:19:39,634
time he instituted changes in
both art and culture, including

290
00:19:39,702 --> 00:19:44,005
how he himself would
be publicly depicted.

291
00:19:44,073 --> 00:19:47,909
In Egyptian
iconography, Egyptian pharaohs

292
00:19:47,977 --> 00:19:51,079
are depicted as these
triangular-shaped beings--

293
00:19:51,113 --> 00:19:54,082
these broad, strong shoulders
and these very skinny waists.

294
00:19:54,083 --> 00:19:57,051
Now, we look at leaders today
and we know that most leaders

295
00:19:57,086 --> 00:20:00,588
don't have broad shoulders and
skinny waists, but it was

296
00:20:00,623 --> 00:20:04,459
important to depict the Egyptian
kings as having broad shoulders

297
00:20:04,527 --> 00:20:08,096
and skinny waists-- very, you
know-- the epitome of what a

298
00:20:08,164 --> 00:20:10,965
king ought to look like.

299
00:20:10,966 --> 00:20:13,801
That's exactly the
opposite with Akhenaten.

300
00:20:13,869 --> 00:20:18,907
He shows himself perhaps as he really is...
a rather strange

301
00:20:18,941 --> 00:20:20,141
look.

302
00:20:20,176 --> 00:20:22,577
He has a very mystical look.

303
00:20:26,815 --> 00:20:30,451
If we take
Akhenaten's statues, for

304
00:20:30,519 --> 00:20:34,622
instance, literally, he was a
very strange-looking character.

305
00:20:34,657 --> 00:20:40,161
Sort of combined, some people
would say, feminine aspects with

306
00:20:40,229 --> 00:20:45,333
masculine aspects, may have
had an elongated skull.

307
00:20:45,401 --> 00:20:49,437
The change in royal
iconography of Akhenaten showed

308
00:20:49,505 --> 00:20:53,775
him as he probably really was,
with a misshapen head, with a

309
00:20:53,809 --> 00:20:59,814
potbelly, with a sunken chest,
as opposed to the idealized

310
00:20:59,848 --> 00:21:04,519
iconography of traditional
Egyptian artists that showed

311
00:21:04,587 --> 00:21:06,988
this big, strong pharaoh.

312
00:21:11,460 --> 00:21:14,963
Akhenaten's wife Queen
Nefertiti and their

313
00:21:14,997 --> 00:21:20,168
children were also depicted
as having elongated skulls.

314
00:21:20,236 --> 00:21:24,706
So why were Akhenaten's and
Nefertiti's heads deformed?

315
00:21:24,773 --> 00:21:28,343
Did they suffer from a genetic
abnormality or did they

316
00:21:28,444 --> 00:21:31,346
deliberately alter their shape?

317
00:21:31,447 --> 00:21:35,483
Some believe there could be yet
another explanation behind their

318
00:21:35,517 --> 00:21:40,488
strange, otherworldly appearance.

319
00:21:40,489 --> 00:21:44,792
They look like
they're different than other

320
00:21:44,860 --> 00:21:48,963
human beings.

321
00:21:48,964 --> 00:21:53,401
Is it possible that
Akhenaten might have been

322
00:21:53,435 --> 00:21:55,970
an extraterrestrial hybrid?

323
00:22:00,709 --> 00:22:03,411
Ancient alien
enthusiasts look at Pharaoh

324
00:22:03,479 --> 00:22:06,714
Akhenaten of Egypt and say,
"Ah, look at that long head.

325
00:22:06,782 --> 00:22:08,216
That looks like an alien gray.

326
00:22:08,250 --> 00:22:11,052
That looks like some kind of
something that's nonhuman, some

327
00:22:11,153 --> 00:22:13,655
hybrid between something
else and something human.

328
00:22:13,689 --> 00:22:16,224
Must be evidence of alien
interference, alien

329
00:22:16,325 --> 00:22:17,425
reproduction with humans.

330
00:22:17,493 --> 00:22:19,494
Something like that."

331
00:22:19,495 --> 00:22:22,430
I've been to
Egypt, and one of the most

332
00:22:22,498 --> 00:22:26,034
stunning things about seeing
the archeological remains of

333
00:22:26,068 --> 00:22:31,072
ancient Egypt is that one
unique pharaoh, Akhenaten.

334
00:22:31,073 --> 00:22:34,609
I mean, he's got a
very narrow, pointy face, high

335
00:22:34,677 --> 00:22:39,681
cheekbones, and a very
elongated cranium.

336
00:22:39,715 --> 00:22:43,251
The idea that they were either...
looking like

337
00:22:43,285 --> 00:22:48,189
extraterrestrials, or perhaps
had extraterrestrial DNA in

338
00:22:48,223 --> 00:22:54,395
them is a credible idea.

339
00:22:54,463 --> 00:22:57,999
Akhenaten ruled for 17 years.

340
00:22:58,033 --> 00:23:01,669
After his reign, Amarna was
abandoned, and temples to the

341
00:23:01,737 --> 00:23:04,105
sun were destroyed.

342
00:23:04,173 --> 00:23:08,543
Images of Akhenaten were
deliberately defaced.

343
00:23:08,577 --> 00:23:12,447
Ancient Egypt swiftly returned
to its old ways, worshipping

344
00:23:12,481 --> 00:23:14,449
many gods.

345
00:23:14,483 --> 00:23:17,852
Was this a rejection of
Akhenaten's radical religious

346
00:23:17,920 --> 00:23:22,824
belief system, or a cover-up
of his alien identity?

347
00:23:25,127 --> 00:23:27,829
There's been a lot
of theories about why.

348
00:23:27,896 --> 00:23:32,900
Um, if... I mean, the most
extreme is that he somehow had

349
00:23:32,935 --> 00:23:34,936
some sort of
extraterrestrial connection.

350
00:23:34,970 --> 00:23:40,208
If one accepts that conclusion,
then it would explain why he was

351
00:23:40,242 --> 00:23:45,279
literally put off the reign
and, some say, put to death.

352
00:23:47,549 --> 00:23:51,285
Some Egyptologists believe
Akhenaten was forced to

353
00:23:51,320 --> 00:23:55,089
abdicate and flee from Egypt
with a group of his loyal

354
00:23:55,124 --> 00:23:57,158
followers.

355
00:23:57,192 --> 00:24:02,096
In 1907, the actual body of
Akhenaten was discovered in

356
00:24:02,164 --> 00:24:06,467
Egypt's Valley of the Kings by
a British archeologist named

357
00:24:06,568 --> 00:24:08,970
Edward Ayrton.

358
00:24:09,004 --> 00:24:12,974
After unearthing Akhenaten's
mummified remains, he was able

359
00:24:13,008 --> 00:24:16,611
to confirm that, indeed, the
ancient pharaoh's skull was

360
00:24:16,645 --> 00:24:20,915
misshapen and elongated.

361
00:24:20,949 --> 00:24:23,918
Some scholars argue
that he suffered from some kind

362
00:24:23,952 --> 00:24:26,821
of physical abnormality; he
suffered from a disorder that

363
00:24:26,855 --> 00:24:30,258
caused his face to appear to be
long, or his head actually was

364
00:24:30,292 --> 00:24:30,992
longer.

365
00:24:31,026 --> 00:24:33,528
I think with Akhenaten we're
dealing with a physical

366
00:24:33,562 --> 00:24:36,531
deformation that wasn't
corrected by the royal artists.

367
00:24:36,565 --> 00:24:39,567
They just depicted him as he
was: potbelly, sunken chest,

368
00:24:39,635 --> 00:24:42,003
long head.

369
00:24:42,104 --> 00:24:46,741
Akhenaten was succeeded by his
son, Tutankhamen, who became the

370
00:24:46,809 --> 00:24:49,911
most renowned pharaoh of all time.

371
00:24:49,978 --> 00:24:54,549
When his tomb was discovered
in 1922 by Howard Carter,

372
00:24:54,616 --> 00:24:59,987
Tutankhamen was also found
to have an elongated skull.

373
00:25:00,055 --> 00:25:04,192
Could he have inherited alien
genes from his father?

374
00:25:07,663 --> 00:25:13,234
Today, much of Akhenaten's
life still remains a mystery.

375
00:25:13,268 --> 00:25:17,104
Did he really change Egypt's
entire belief system because,

376
00:25:17,172 --> 00:25:21,542
as some suggest, he was
a celestial being?

377
00:25:21,643 --> 00:25:25,546
If that's true, might there be
evidence of similar entities

378
00:25:25,647 --> 00:25:27,548
coming to Earth?

379
00:25:27,616 --> 00:25:32,553
Perhaps more clues can be found
thousands of miles away on the

380
00:25:32,621 --> 00:25:35,423
other side of the African continent.

381
00:25:41,852 --> 00:25:45,154
Mali, in northwest Africa.

382
00:25:45,189 --> 00:25:49,525
Deep in a remote valley live
the Dogon people, who are the

383
00:25:49,560 --> 00:25:54,363
descendants of a nomadic tribe
that settled here around 1000 AD.

384
00:25:54,431 --> 00:25:58,367
Just like Akhenaten's
followers, the Dogon had been

385
00:25:58,402 --> 00:26:04,373
forced to leave Egypt because
of religious persecution.

386
00:26:04,408 --> 00:26:07,877
The Dogon claim a very
long and ancient tradition,

387
00:26:07,911 --> 00:26:13,349
and in my opinion maintain
some of the ancient Egyptian

388
00:26:13,417 --> 00:26:17,687
traditions and myths that have
been carried on right into the

389
00:26:17,721 --> 00:26:20,556
present age.

390
00:26:20,591 --> 00:26:23,726
Parts of ancient Egypt
may not have died.

391
00:26:23,794 --> 00:26:27,797
They were carried on, to
this day, among the Dogon.

392
00:26:31,435 --> 00:26:34,871
But what exactly are their beliefs?

393
00:26:34,905 --> 00:26:39,442
Dogon mythology holds that the sky.
god Amma created the first

394
00:26:39,543 --> 00:26:42,879
living creature known as Nommo.

395
00:26:42,913 --> 00:26:46,616
The legend also says that
shortly after his creation,

396
00:26:46,717 --> 00:26:51,420
Nommo multiplied into several
parts, one of which rebelled

397
00:26:51,455 --> 00:26:53,256
against Amma.

398
00:26:53,290 --> 00:26:57,426
Amma responded by destroying
him and scattering his ashes

399
00:26:57,461 --> 00:27:00,463
throughout the world.

400
00:27:02,466 --> 00:27:06,802
According to the Dogons' myths,
a god gave them this knowledge.

401
00:27:06,904 --> 00:27:11,807
He descended from the sky in an
arc, surfing on fire, landing in

402
00:27:11,909 --> 00:27:13,809
a storm.

403
00:27:17,114 --> 00:27:21,250
Still today, the
Dogon celebrates a festival in

404
00:27:21,285 --> 00:27:27,156
the honor of Nommo and that
visitation that occurred in the

405
00:27:27,257 --> 00:27:29,425
remote past.

406
00:27:29,459 --> 00:27:31,494
How do we know this?

407
00:27:31,495 --> 00:27:37,633
For this festival, they have
wooden masks that date back

408
00:27:37,701 --> 00:27:44,040
to a very long time ago,
when this festival began.

409
00:27:48,078 --> 00:27:51,814
Dogon masks tell the mystic stories

410
00:27:51,882 --> 00:27:53,482
of their ancestors.

411
00:27:53,517 --> 00:27:55,985
This is a sculpture of the creator.

412
00:27:56,019 --> 00:27:58,421
They call him Amma.

413
00:27:58,488 --> 00:28:01,457
He is embracing the universe.

414
00:28:01,491 --> 00:28:04,860
This is how they pass on
information from generation to

415
00:28:04,928 --> 00:28:10,466
generation, by stories
carved in masks.

416
00:28:18,141 --> 00:28:21,944
But could Nommo have
been a real person?

417
00:28:22,012 --> 00:28:26,048
Some see eerie similarities
between the Dogons' legend and

418
00:28:26,116 --> 00:28:30,186
the story of the mysterious
Pharaoh Akhenaten.

419
00:28:30,220 --> 00:28:33,589
Akhenaten believed he was
directly descended from the sun

420
00:28:33,657 --> 00:28:35,491
god Aten.

421
00:28:35,525 --> 00:28:40,196
Nommo was said to have been
created by the sky deity, Amma.

422
00:28:40,297 --> 00:28:44,133
Is it a coincidence that both
cultures, although thousands of

423
00:28:44,167 --> 00:28:48,838
miles apart, shared mythical
tales of beings coming from the

424
00:28:48,905 --> 00:28:50,306
skies?

425
00:28:50,340 --> 00:28:55,945
And both Nommo and Akhenaten were
depicted with elongated heads.

426
00:28:56,013 --> 00:29:01,751
Is it possible that these legends
were based on real events?

427
00:29:05,155 --> 00:29:07,757
The Dogons dwell in the central

428
00:29:07,791 --> 00:29:10,826
plateau region of Bandiagara.

429
00:29:10,861 --> 00:29:14,296
Their knowledge is centuries old,
and their priests have been

430
00:29:14,364 --> 00:29:17,533
sharing it with chosen
individuals only.

431
00:29:19,903 --> 00:29:23,539
In the 1920s, French
anthropologist Grialue and

432
00:29:23,573 --> 00:29:27,376
ethnologist Dieterle visited
the tribe and were invited to

433
00:29:27,411 --> 00:29:29,378
share their secrets.

434
00:29:32,582 --> 00:29:36,185
But one secret stood
out: the Dogon claimed

435
00:29:36,219 --> 00:29:40,623
that their god Amma came from
a specific star in the Sirius

436
00:29:40,657 --> 00:29:44,927
constellation, the same place
where the ancient Egyptians

437
00:29:44,961 --> 00:29:48,731
believed their god Osiris was born.

438
00:29:48,765 --> 00:29:52,668
This star, which modern
astronomers refer to as Sirius

439
00:29:52,736 --> 00:29:56,372
B, the Dogon called Po Tolo.

440
00:29:56,406 --> 00:30:00,276
But what baffles experts is
that the star is so far from

441
00:30:00,377 --> 00:30:05,381
Earth, it's impossible to
see with the naked eye.

442
00:30:05,415 --> 00:30:07,917
I was very intrigued
by this, by the way.

443
00:30:07,984 --> 00:30:11,754
I mean, the Dogons should not
have known about the existence

444
00:30:11,788 --> 00:30:13,556
of this star.

445
00:30:13,623 --> 00:30:16,926
Sirius is the second nearest
star from our solar system.

446
00:30:16,960 --> 00:30:18,994
It's eight light-years away.

447
00:30:19,029 --> 00:30:22,732
In fact, it's not even visible
with standard telescopes.

448
00:30:22,766 --> 00:30:26,569
It was first seen, literally
seen, and photographed in the

449
00:30:26,636 --> 00:30:27,937
1970s.

450
00:30:28,004 --> 00:30:32,575
Modern science has
corroborated that Sirius B

451
00:30:32,642 --> 00:30:35,111
does indeed exist.

452
00:30:35,178 --> 00:30:37,646
Problem is, the Dogon knew about

453
00:30:37,748 --> 00:30:41,350
<i>this before modern science</i>

454
00:30:41,384 --> 00:30:43,085
corroborated it.

455
00:30:43,120 --> 00:30:45,454
I mean, that's spooky.

456
00:30:48,291 --> 00:30:50,826
Measurements taken with
the Hubble telescope in

457
00:30:50,861 --> 00:30:56,632
2003 have confirmed that Sirius
B is what's known as a white

458
00:30:56,666 --> 00:31:02,705
dwarf-- or a partially burnt-out
star with extremely dense mass.

459
00:31:02,773 --> 00:31:06,942
Although it is smaller in size
than Earth, it's estimated to

460
00:31:06,977 --> 00:31:11,147
weigh eight times as much as our sun.

461
00:31:11,248 --> 00:31:14,617
But how did the Dogon acquire
this ancient knowledge of

462
00:31:14,651 --> 00:31:17,987
astronomy that seems to be
centuries more advanced than

463
00:31:18,021 --> 00:31:21,457
that of modern science?

464
00:31:21,458 --> 00:31:24,760
The mystery is, how
did this story get passed on

465
00:31:24,795 --> 00:31:28,030
down generations...
if the story came from a time before

466
00:31:28,064 --> 00:31:30,933
astronomers knew there was a
companion star to Sirius which

467
00:31:30,967 --> 00:31:34,670
can't be seen with the human eye?

468
00:31:34,671 --> 00:31:37,940
This is the Dogon symbol for Sirius.

469
00:31:37,974 --> 00:31:40,709
When you move it around, you
can see an orbit around the

470
00:31:40,777 --> 00:31:43,779
center marked by Sirius A.

471
00:31:43,814 --> 00:31:48,417
Sirius B circles around it,
so it is a circular system.

472
00:31:48,485 --> 00:31:52,154
This sign is practically an
astronomic model that the

473
00:31:52,222 --> 00:31:55,658
Dogons could not have invented
because only Sirius A is

474
00:31:55,692 --> 00:32:00,663
visible, and Sirius B
and C are invisible.

475
00:32:00,697 --> 00:32:04,667
However, their description
of the orbit is correct.

476
00:32:04,701 --> 00:32:08,671
One assumption is that this god,
Nommo, who brought them this

477
00:32:08,705 --> 00:32:14,677
knowledge, could have been an
extraterrestrial intelligence.

478
00:32:14,744 --> 00:32:18,314
Since the early 20th
century, the tribe has

479
00:32:18,348 --> 00:32:22,418
been routinely studied and
researched by anthropologists.

480
00:32:22,485 --> 00:32:26,021
This has led many modern
historians to claim that the

481
00:32:26,056 --> 00:32:31,727
Dogon must have learned about
astronomy from Westerners.

482
00:32:31,728 --> 00:32:34,864
The Dogon's mythology
is so fluid that when

483
00:32:34,898 --> 00:32:38,868
science confirms something that
they might have believed in

484
00:32:38,902 --> 00:32:41,871
antiquity, it might have just
been sheer coincidence, or it

485
00:32:41,905 --> 00:32:43,239
could have been a conflation.

486
00:32:43,306 --> 00:32:46,108
That is, they heard...
Because it's an oral culture,

487
00:32:46,142 --> 00:32:49,945
and because the mythology is
so fluid, they heard something

488
00:32:50,013 --> 00:32:52,514
that someone said about this
star in relation to another

489
00:32:52,549 --> 00:32:54,850
star, and they just grafted
that in to their mythology.

490
00:32:54,885 --> 00:32:57,219
They grafted that into their religion.

491
00:32:57,254 --> 00:32:59,221
And then when some reporter,
some subsequent reporter comes

492
00:32:59,289 --> 00:33:01,490
along and says, "What do you believe?
," they say, "Well,

493
00:33:01,558 --> 00:33:05,761
we've thought this for
millions of years."

494
00:33:05,762 --> 00:33:07,763
When critics suggest
that this knowledge was

495
00:33:07,797 --> 00:33:10,766
given to them by modern
ethnologists, that's simply

496
00:33:10,867 --> 00:33:16,305
incorrect because we know that
the story goes back hundreds of

497
00:33:16,373 --> 00:33:24,313
years earlier than any modern
ethnologist ever went there.

498
00:33:24,381 --> 00:33:26,949
If it were ever proven that all this

499
00:33:27,050 --> 00:33:30,119
information is exactly correct,
including the parts that are

500
00:33:30,153 --> 00:33:33,489
still being studied by
astronomers, this would mean

501
00:33:33,556 --> 00:33:36,392
that the earth had visitors
from outer space in prehistoric

502
00:33:36,459 --> 00:33:38,761
times.

503
00:33:38,795 --> 00:33:41,964
Either they inherited
that knowledge, and the question

504
00:33:41,998 --> 00:33:43,232
is, from where?

505
00:33:43,266 --> 00:33:46,001
From a previous civilization,
or from some sort of

506
00:33:46,036 --> 00:33:47,403
extraterrestrial civilization?

507
00:33:47,437 --> 00:33:48,771
Or it's a coincidence.

508
00:33:48,805 --> 00:33:51,573
In my view, it is not a coincidence.

509
00:33:51,608 --> 00:33:56,478
If the Dogon people really
possessed this advanced

510
00:33:56,579 --> 00:34:02,751
astronomical knowledge, were their
legends based on real events?

511
00:34:02,819 --> 00:34:07,089
The ancient Egyptians and Dogon
were far from alone in their

512
00:34:07,123 --> 00:34:13,462
belief in gods or mystical
beings that came from the sky.

513
00:34:13,563 --> 00:34:18,067
Is there an explanation for
similar myths shared by ancient

514
00:34:18,101 --> 00:34:20,736
cultures all around the world?

515
00:34:20,804 --> 00:34:25,274
And what does that reveal as
to who these visitors may be?

516
00:34:25,342 --> 00:34:31,180
Perhaps the answer can be found,
not in northern Africa, but here

517
00:34:31,247 --> 00:34:35,985
in the rocks and canyons
of the American Southwest.

518
00:34:44,991 --> 00:34:52,931
30 miles south of Gallup, New
Mexico lies the pueblo of Zuni.

519
00:34:55,368 --> 00:34:58,937
Sheltered from the desolate
high plains, this adobe city is

520
00:34:59,005 --> 00:35:02,474
home to the Zuni Indians, one
of the oldest indigenous tribes

521
00:35:02,508 --> 00:35:05,377
in North America.

522
00:35:05,445 --> 00:35:09,815
They have inhabited this land for
almost 2,000 years, and have

523
00:35:09,849 --> 00:35:15,921
protected their secrets even longer.

524
00:35:15,988 --> 00:35:18,757
The Zuni are a
very interesting culture in that

525
00:35:18,825 --> 00:35:21,693
they're one of the few cultures
that really have not opened up,

526
00:35:21,761 --> 00:35:24,763
uh, to the rest of the world
about their star knowledge

527
00:35:24,797 --> 00:35:25,797
traditions.

528
00:35:25,898 --> 00:35:29,601
Most of this type of information
is very closely held by the

529
00:35:29,635 --> 00:35:30,669
natives.

530
00:35:30,703 --> 00:35:34,539
And, um, I really find it very
intriguing that this is the

531
00:35:34,607 --> 00:35:38,243
time period in history where now
we're starting to learn more and

532
00:35:38,311 --> 00:35:44,316
more about their star knowledge.

533
00:35:44,350 --> 00:35:47,752
Much of the Zuni people's
history is etched in

534
00:35:47,787 --> 00:35:52,691
the rocks in the New Mexico desert.

535
00:35:57,330 --> 00:36:01,967
Tribal Elder Clifford Mahooty
and archeologist Dan Simplicio

536
00:36:02,034 --> 00:36:05,871
have studied the Zuni's
secret history firsthand.

537
00:36:05,938 --> 00:36:09,307
They've collected stories
passed down through generations

538
00:36:09,342 --> 00:36:12,777
that are rooted in the belief
that the tribe's creators and

539
00:36:12,845 --> 00:36:16,982
protectors are supernatural
beings from the sky.

540
00:36:17,049 --> 00:36:19,885
This one's
kind of interesting here.

541
00:36:19,952 --> 00:36:25,056
I would imagine it was created
in last century, but from this

542
00:36:25,124 --> 00:36:27,859
design, you can see the star figure.

543
00:36:27,894 --> 00:36:32,497
Celestial images oftentimes
are depicted in a lot of our

544
00:36:32,532 --> 00:36:33,865
cultural petroglyphs.

545
00:36:33,900 --> 00:36:36,968
And this is one of 'em
where it depicts the star.

546
00:36:37,036 --> 00:36:42,974
It could be the supernova
of the crab nebula.

547
00:36:42,975 --> 00:36:46,511
Our Zuni
mythology in the prayer system,

548
00:36:46,579 --> 00:36:51,783
in the ritualistic protocols,
talk about these people that

549
00:36:51,851 --> 00:36:55,654
came over here, and told us how
to actually live our lives

550
00:36:55,688 --> 00:37:01,226
as beings, sky people.

551
00:37:01,227 --> 00:37:05,664
If you listen to a lot of
religious chants and songs and

552
00:37:05,698 --> 00:37:08,066
prayers, that's all they talk about.

553
00:37:08,134 --> 00:37:09,334
They're talking about space.

554
00:37:09,402 --> 00:37:12,037
They're talking about out there
in the universe where they came

555
00:37:12,104 --> 00:37:13,338
from.

556
00:37:13,406 --> 00:37:16,041
So they depict it on a rock wall here.

557
00:37:16,108 --> 00:37:19,678
But the actual meaning of it is
somewhere more profound and more

558
00:37:19,712 --> 00:37:23,848
complex than that.

559
00:37:23,883 --> 00:37:26,384
These drawings are thought
to have been created

560
00:37:26,419 --> 00:37:30,755
around 1200 BC, yet they appear
to depict modern space travelers

561
00:37:30,790 --> 00:37:34,392
and their vehicles.

562
00:37:36,228 --> 00:37:38,463
If you move back
a little bit, you can see

563
00:37:38,497 --> 00:37:40,665
another figure here.

564
00:37:40,700 --> 00:37:42,834
It has a de.

565
00:37:42,902 --> 00:37:44,202
It has eyes.

566
00:37:44,236 --> 00:37:47,739
Uh, there's something coming down...
And a nose.

567
00:37:47,773 --> 00:37:48,840
Like a nose.

568
00:37:48,874 --> 00:37:51,443
There's a nose, but it
kind of flares out...

569
00:37:51,477 --> 00:37:53,645
I think it was
something to do with the

570
00:37:53,713 --> 00:37:55,814
ancient ones, when they saw something.

571
00:37:55,848 --> 00:37:59,384
They took as much description
of it to put in on there.

572
00:37:59,418 --> 00:38:02,354
Of course it's not going to
be exactly what they saw, but

573
00:38:02,388 --> 00:38:06,358
that's as best as they can do
for something that they saw.

574
00:38:06,392 --> 00:38:08,994
With all
petroglyphs and things like

575
00:38:09,028 --> 00:38:11,896
that, I mean, they're
up to interpretation.

576
00:38:11,931 --> 00:38:15,734
Sometimes they are just
doodlings of people.

577
00:38:15,768 --> 00:38:19,371
But other times, they may well
be actual descriptions and

578
00:38:19,438 --> 00:38:25,543
depictions of some kind of god
from outer space, some ancient

579
00:38:25,611 --> 00:38:26,745
astronaut.

580
00:38:26,812 --> 00:38:30,382
And when you go around, say like
the Zuni pueblo, I mean, that's

581
00:38:30,449 --> 00:38:32,884
what they'll tell you
those petroglyphs e.

582
00:38:32,952 --> 00:38:37,889
Even the Zunis themselves
call them the spacemen.

583
00:38:37,957 --> 00:38:42,227
This one seems to have
two legs coming out like that.

584
00:38:42,261 --> 00:38:47,032
It has a, you know, broad
diamond shape body.

585
00:38:47,066 --> 00:38:50,135
Um, there probably was a better
head that chipped off here.

586
00:38:50,169 --> 00:38:54,873
Well, that's very different-looking
than humans are.

587
00:38:54,907 --> 00:38:58,410
Now usually
they're called UFOs.

588
00:38:58,444 --> 00:39:02,147
But in the Zuni way, we've
always been taught that they're

589
00:39:02,214 --> 00:39:05,617
the keepers of the upper
world, which means space.

590
00:39:05,651 --> 00:39:07,752
You know, they're sky people.

591
00:39:07,787 --> 00:39:12,157
Beings that are of the
extraterrestrial origin, and

592
00:39:12,224 --> 00:39:15,060
this is still within our
mythology and our religious

593
00:39:15,127 --> 00:39:18,663
practices today.

594
00:39:22,802 --> 00:39:26,137
Like most Indian tribes,
the Zunis call these

595
00:39:26,172 --> 00:39:28,106
sky people kachinas.

596
00:39:28,140 --> 00:39:30,041
According to the Zunis'

597
00:39:30,109 --> 00:39:34,245
creation story, the kachina
gods came down from the heavens

598
00:39:34,280 --> 00:39:38,917
to lead the Zunis to earth
through a special portal.

599
00:39:41,454 --> 00:39:44,389
The sipapu-- that's
the entrance to the fourth

600
00:39:44,457 --> 00:39:47,092
world, or the underworld.

601
00:39:47,126 --> 00:39:51,830
And that's a representation of
where the kachinas come and go.

602
00:39:51,897 --> 00:39:55,734
And so, according to the
mythologies, the Zunis were

603
00:39:55,801 --> 00:39:59,971
brought forth into the world of
light-- which is where we are at

604
00:40:00,039 --> 00:40:04,042
today-- by what I would
interpret as extraterrestrial

605
00:40:04,110 --> 00:40:07,312
beings from the universe.

606
00:40:11,684 --> 00:40:15,487
Every year, the Zunis
participate in a ceremony

607
00:40:15,521 --> 00:40:17,489
known as the Shalako festival.

608
00:40:17,523 --> 00:40:21,760
Dressed in traditional costumes
to represent the kachinas, the

609
00:40:21,827 --> 00:40:25,196
Indians celebrate the arrival
of the gods on earth.

610
00:40:28,033 --> 00:40:32,303
This is a-a
figurine of kachina gods.

611
00:40:32,338 --> 00:40:36,141
And these guys are some gods
from the sky who came down.

612
00:40:36,175 --> 00:40:38,543
Uh, they wear weird helmets.

613
00:40:38,544 --> 00:40:43,047
This one has a
helmet as a head, and if you

614
00:40:43,149 --> 00:40:48,920
look at the whole body of it,
it's as if it wears some type

615
00:40:48,954 --> 00:40:50,755
of a... of a suit.

616
00:40:50,790 --> 00:40:55,493
This one here also has the
helmet and the visor.

617
00:40:55,561 --> 00:40:58,563
For the Pueblo
Indians, like the Zunis, these

618
00:40:58,597 --> 00:41:02,200
are their-their sky-gods that
every year, they have special

619
00:41:02,234 --> 00:41:03,234
ceremonies.

620
00:41:03,302 --> 00:41:06,504
People put on these special
costumes and masks to reenact

621
00:41:06,572 --> 00:41:08,573
the coming of the gods.

622
00:41:08,674 --> 00:41:14,746
They really look like
ancient astronauts.

623
00:41:19,185 --> 00:41:22,187
If you look at the
poetry and the legends and

624
00:41:22,221 --> 00:41:27,392
the stories from American Indian
tribes in the Southwest, they

625
00:41:27,426 --> 00:41:30,862
have the legend of the star people.

626
00:41:30,896 --> 00:41:34,632
The star people came to Earth
and seeded planet Earth, and

627
00:41:34,667 --> 00:41:37,268
they came on flying ships.

628
00:41:37,303 --> 00:41:41,372
If you speak to the elders, they
will tell you that a lot of us

629
00:41:41,407 --> 00:41:43,675
believe in the existence
of extraterrestrials.

630
00:41:43,742 --> 00:41:46,044
These are
timeless traditions that have

631
00:41:46,111 --> 00:41:49,848
been passed on through the
centuries from clan to clan,

632
00:41:49,915 --> 00:41:53,384
from family to family, from
family member to family member.

633
00:41:53,452 --> 00:41:55,587
And it is an oral tradition.

634
00:41:55,621 --> 00:41:59,123
Native peoples did not
have the written word.

635
00:41:59,225 --> 00:42:00,291
They had the spoken word.

636
00:42:00,392 --> 00:42:04,929
And culturally, the spoken word
is still a significant component

637
00:42:04,997 --> 00:42:10,768
of their daily lives, and the
ability to pass down the truth.

638
00:42:10,769 --> 00:42:13,571
I remember my
grandparents talking about a

639
00:42:13,639 --> 00:42:18,843
craft that flew and had actually
crash-landed on one of the mesas

640
00:42:18,911 --> 00:42:22,580
east of here.

641
00:42:22,648 --> 00:42:26,651
There's no interpretation of
what an aircraft is, so the

642
00:42:26,752 --> 00:42:31,222
closest thing that they could
interpret as anything capable of

643
00:42:31,290 --> 00:42:35,827
flight is a bird, or our
masked kachina dancers.

644
00:42:35,928 --> 00:42:39,931
We are very, very
superstitious people.

645
00:42:39,965 --> 00:42:43,635
It's always been in the history
of Zuni that they have always

646
00:42:43,669 --> 00:42:47,639
been here even right here where
we're sitting right now, but

647
00:42:47,673 --> 00:42:48,806
you just don't see them.

648
00:42:48,841 --> 00:42:51,109
They're in a different frequency.

649
00:42:51,143 --> 00:42:54,646
And those are very, very sacred,
and those are very, very secret.

650
00:42:54,680 --> 00:42:58,182
They're out there somewhere.

651
00:43:01,820 --> 00:43:04,689
For those who believe
that ancient astronauts

652
00:43:04,757 --> 00:43:09,027
came to earth thousands of years
ago, the prehistoric artwork

653
00:43:09,061 --> 00:43:13,031
provides more clues in what
they claim is a growing body of

654
00:43:13,098 --> 00:43:18,369
evidence: from wall carvings
and statues in ancient Egypt

655
00:43:18,404 --> 00:43:23,641
to tribal traditions and
exotic masks in West Africa

656
00:43:23,709 --> 00:43:26,644
to petroglyphs in the
American Southwest.

657
00:43:26,712 --> 00:43:31,649
All thousands of years old,
they seem to recount similar

658
00:43:31,717 --> 00:43:34,752
stories of visitors from the skies.

659
00:43:34,820 --> 00:43:39,023
Could the legends of alien
beings visiting earth thousands

660
00:43:39,091 --> 00:43:45,430
of years ago have inspired
more traditional beliefs?

661
00:43:52,311 --> 00:43:56,748
Celestial beings coming down to Earth.

662
00:43:56,849 --> 00:44:00,285
Gods descending from the sky.

663
00:44:00,319 --> 00:44:03,288
Can these events only be found
in the ancient legends of the

664
00:44:03,322 --> 00:44:05,090
Zuni?

665
00:44:05,124 --> 00:44:08,159
Do similar accounts exist
in other cultures and other

666
00:44:08,194 --> 00:44:11,062
religions across the world?

667
00:44:11,097 --> 00:44:14,165
And if so, what is the explanation?

668
00:44:14,233 --> 00:44:18,603
We have to remind
ourselves that our ancestors

669
00:44:18,638 --> 00:44:20,705
were highly intelligent.

670
00:44:20,740 --> 00:44:25,810
However, their technological
frame of reference was different

671
00:44:25,878 --> 00:44:30,281
than our technological frame of
reference, so they didn't have

672
00:44:30,349 --> 00:44:35,787
the vocabulary with which to
describe or with which to name

673
00:44:35,821 --> 00:44:38,189
certain things that they saw.

674
00:44:38,257 --> 00:44:39,824
So what did they do?

675
00:44:39,892 --> 00:44:45,730
They used words that they were
familiar with in their time, and

676
00:44:45,798 --> 00:44:49,734
so they tried to describe
whatever they witnessed to the

677
00:44:49,802 --> 00:44:55,440
best of their abilities
with their vocabulary.

678
00:44:58,444 --> 00:45:02,247
Ancient China also shared
some of the same beliefs

679
00:45:02,281 --> 00:45:06,084
that can be found in Egyptian,
Native American, and Dogon

680
00:45:06,152 --> 00:45:11,256
legends-- that deities
arrived from the stars.

681
00:45:11,323 --> 00:45:16,594
According to Chinese mythology
dating back to 3000 BC, when the

682
00:45:16,629 --> 00:45:20,331
god named Huang Di was born,
there was "a radiance from the

683
00:45:20,366 --> 00:45:23,435
great star Chi."

684
00:45:25,438 --> 00:45:28,807
Huang Di would later emerge
from the belly of a fire-

685
00:45:28,908 --> 00:45:32,243
breathing dragon to become
China's first emperor.

686
00:45:32,244 --> 00:45:36,147
The origins of the Han
Chinese people start with a

687
00:45:36,182 --> 00:45:41,186
story of a great god
looking down with empathy.

688
00:45:41,187 --> 00:45:46,357
Here were people in poverty, in
a beautiful, rich country, the

689
00:45:46,425 --> 00:45:50,795
landscape profound, but the
people were suffering.

690
00:45:50,830 --> 00:45:55,266
He took pity and decided to come down.

691
00:46:00,172 --> 00:46:07,479
Huang Di arrived on
planet Earth in a flying dragon.

692
00:46:07,513 --> 00:46:10,281
He had the power of flight.

693
00:46:10,316 --> 00:46:15,487
Huang Di could be anywhere
within minutes, and he usually

694
00:46:15,521 --> 00:46:22,761
accomplished this by hopping on
his dragon and flying somewhere.

695
00:46:24,930 --> 00:46:29,300
Now this divine energy
becomes human and is a great

696
00:46:29,368 --> 00:46:33,304
leader-- the Yellow Emperor who
rules and unites the people--

697
00:46:33,372 --> 00:46:36,574
and there is a period of great
prosperity until his work is

698
00:46:36,642 --> 00:46:37,575
done.

699
00:46:37,643 --> 00:46:41,679
Huang Di brought order
to the chaos, creating

700
00:46:41,747 --> 00:46:44,315
China's first empire.

701
00:46:44,350 --> 00:46:48,286
He is seen as a cultural hero,
and is credited with the

702
00:46:48,320 --> 00:46:51,656
invention of the compass,
acupuncture, and the

703
00:46:51,724 --> 00:46:55,293
standardization of Chinese writing.

704
00:46:55,327 --> 00:46:59,197
One of his greatest legacies
is the Great Wall of China.

705
00:46:59,231 --> 00:47:03,201
When the land is
prosperous, he decides it's time

706
00:47:03,235 --> 00:47:07,205
to go, and the great yellow
dragon comes back and he gets

707
00:47:07,239 --> 00:47:13,178
back into the belly of the
dragon and flies off forever.

708
00:47:13,212 --> 00:47:19,918
Now, were these
dragons truly dragons in a

709
00:47:19,985 --> 00:47:24,155
biological nature?

710
00:47:24,190 --> 00:47:29,260
Or were they misinterpreted
types of machines?

711
00:47:29,328 --> 00:47:34,165
Because, as we all know, dragons
are always correlated with

712
00:47:34,233 --> 00:47:38,903
spewing fire and a lot of smoke.

713
00:47:38,971 --> 00:47:41,906
Whenever we see a modern rocket
take off, there is all this

714
00:47:41,974 --> 00:47:46,311
smoke, and sometimes the smoke is
yellow and sometimes it's red.

715
00:47:46,345 --> 00:47:50,782
So it's very bizarre how we have
these correlations between the

716
00:47:50,816 --> 00:47:54,485
ancient times and modern times today.

717
00:47:54,520 --> 00:47:58,189
Mythology is the
effort to grasp what we can't

718
00:47:58,224 --> 00:48:00,825
grasp, to understand
what is beyond us.

719
00:48:00,860 --> 00:48:05,230
In the Eastern teachings, the
dragons very often carry people,

720
00:48:05,297 --> 00:48:08,299
sometimes on their back or
sometimes inside their bellies,

721
00:48:08,334 --> 00:48:12,003
so if we think of them as, as
a poet's effort to explain a

722
00:48:12,037 --> 00:48:14,939
vehicle that was strange to
them, well, those sound like

723
00:48:15,007 --> 00:48:16,207
flying saucers.

724
00:48:16,242 --> 00:48:18,776
So it might just be a problem
with translation because, after

725
00:48:18,844 --> 00:48:19,844
all, it's just a word.

726
00:48:19,879 --> 00:48:22,313
It's trying to describe
something that's very difficult

727
00:48:22,381 --> 00:48:25,216
to grasp.

728
00:48:27,086 --> 00:48:32,223
4,000 miles west of China,
another tale of celestial

729
00:48:32,258 --> 00:48:37,228
beings influencing civilization
can be found, this time in what

730
00:48:37,263 --> 00:48:40,498
is now modern-day Iraq.

731
00:48:40,566 --> 00:48:44,836
The Babylonian legend of Enuma
Elish dates back to the seventh

732
00:48:44,870 --> 00:48:46,871
century BC.

733
00:48:46,939 --> 00:48:52,410
The text was first discovered in
1849 by British archeologist Sir

734
00:48:52,478 --> 00:48:55,413
Austen Henry Layard while
searching the ruins of the

735
00:48:55,481 --> 00:48:58,983
Library of Ashurbanipal in Nineveh.

736
00:48:59,018 --> 00:49:02,620
The story tells of how the first
humans were created by an

737
00:49:02,688 --> 00:49:07,158
extraterrestrial re
known as the Anunnaki.

738
00:49:12,698 --> 00:49:18,703
In the ancient
texts of Sumeria, we have

739
00:49:18,737 --> 00:49:25,209
descriptions of these beings
descending from the sky called

740
00:49:25,244 --> 00:49:26,978
the Anunnaki.

741
00:49:27,046 --> 00:49:32,884
The term "Anunnaki" means "those
who from the heavens came."

742
00:49:32,952 --> 00:49:38,323
It says, word for word, that
these beings descended in flying

743
00:49:38,357 --> 00:49:44,562
vehicles from the sky, and we
can find not only descriptions

744
00:49:44,596 --> 00:49:48,666
of the Anunnaki, but also
depictions and we can see them

745
00:49:48,701 --> 00:49:55,373
in statues, in carvings, so it's
all very interesting to see that

746
00:49:55,407 --> 00:49:59,377
those beings looked like
modern-day space travelers with

747
00:49:59,411 --> 00:50:00,578
weird suits.

748
00:50:00,679 --> 00:50:02,947
Some of them wore wristwatches.

749
00:50:03,015 --> 00:50:08,853
They had boots on and helmets
and, above all, wings, and they

750
00:50:08,887 --> 00:50:14,859
were always described or
depicted in floating above some

751
00:50:14,893 --> 00:50:18,763
"regular people."

752
00:50:18,864 --> 00:50:22,767
So the question is: who
were the Anunnaki?

753
00:50:22,868 --> 00:50:26,537
And according to the ancient
astronaut hypothesis, they were

754
00:50:26,572 --> 00:50:32,343
space travelers who visited
Earth in the remote past.

755
00:50:37,616 --> 00:50:41,552
Similar themes can be found
in the legends of Greek

756
00:50:41,587 --> 00:50:44,922
and Roman gods, which also
describe events that some

757
00:50:44,957 --> 00:50:48,893
interpret as extraterrestrial contact.

758
00:50:48,927 --> 00:50:52,096
Both cultures believed in
powerful gods who lived in the

759
00:50:52,131 --> 00:50:56,768
heavens and often came down to
Earth to interact with humans.

760
00:50:59,271 --> 00:51:03,241
A well-known
example is Zeus and the Greek

761
00:51:03,342 --> 00:51:07,678
gods, and they've come down from
the sky and Mount Olympus, where

762
00:51:07,713 --> 00:51:11,049
they live in some mountain,
and they're bringing, really,

763
00:51:11,116 --> 00:51:15,420
civilization and sciences to
mankind, but they have many

764
00:51:15,454 --> 00:51:19,223
human attributes, too, where,
yeah, they, uh, they're

765
00:51:19,258 --> 00:51:22,226
attracted to human women, uh,
they want to have sex and

766
00:51:22,294 --> 00:51:25,530
children with as many of 'em as
they can, and then they go back

767
00:51:25,597 --> 00:51:27,598
into the sky.

768
00:51:27,599 --> 00:51:31,069
These ideas of
gods mating with humans are

769
00:51:31,136 --> 00:51:35,573
very commonplace, like Zeus
in Greek mythology was always

770
00:51:35,607 --> 00:51:39,877
coming down, mating with mortals,
and producing demigods

771
00:51:39,912 --> 00:51:45,049
like Hercules or Helen of
Troy, who were exceptionally

772
00:51:45,084 --> 00:51:50,655
beautiful, exceptionally
powerful, unusually gifted in

773
00:51:50,689 --> 00:51:52,290
every way.

774
00:51:52,324 --> 00:51:55,593
So, in other words, you were
creating a better race in, in

775
00:51:55,627 --> 00:51:56,794
this sense.

776
00:51:56,862 --> 00:52:00,064
In the ancient
astronaut opinion, the whole

777
00:52:00,132 --> 00:52:06,504
pantheon of gods that we have
in ancient Greece consists of

778
00:52:06,572 --> 00:52:11,776
nothing else but flesh-and-blood
extraterrestrials who were

779
00:52:11,810 --> 00:52:18,416
misinterpreted as being these
divine creatures by our ancestors.

780
00:52:18,417 --> 00:52:22,854
There is a lot of
evidence showing that we're not

781
00:52:22,921 --> 00:52:28,025
alone in the cosmos and that our
human civilizations on Earth

782
00:52:28,060 --> 00:52:32,463
have been interacting for
long periods of time with

783
00:52:32,498 --> 00:52:35,766
extraterrestrial intelligences.

784
00:52:35,834 --> 00:52:39,670
Belief in celestial beings
interacting with humans

785
00:52:39,771 --> 00:52:43,007
is a cornerstone in
several major religions.

786
00:52:43,041 --> 00:52:47,311
In fact, according to the
Bible's Book of Genesis, God

787
00:52:47,379 --> 00:52:50,948
created the first humans Adam and Eve.

788
00:52:50,983 --> 00:52:55,553
The Bible also contains other
passages that describe strange

789
00:52:55,587 --> 00:53:00,491
interactions between
"otherworldly" beings and humans.

790
00:53:00,526 --> 00:53:02,960
People believe
messengers of some sort come

791
00:53:03,028 --> 00:53:03,961
down from the heavens.

792
00:53:04,029 --> 00:53:06,597
You know, they came down and
they had sex with humans, and

793
00:53:06,665 --> 00:53:10,735
this is where we produced
giants, people like Goliath, so

794
00:53:10,769 --> 00:53:13,871
in a technical sense, they are alien.

795
00:53:13,906 --> 00:53:15,740
They're gods or they're angels;

796
00:53:15,774 --> 00:53:19,043
there's some kind of superhuman thing.

797
00:53:19,044 --> 00:53:22,480
Interpreting these Bible
stories has also led to a

798
00:53:22,514 --> 00:53:25,783
certain amount of
debate and controversy.

799
00:53:25,851 --> 00:53:29,387
While most see a single god
directing and influencing

800
00:53:29,421 --> 00:53:33,958
mankind's destiny, others argue
that it is really a number of

801
00:53:34,026 --> 00:53:36,961
gods that are responsible.

802
00:53:37,029 --> 00:53:41,399
In the Old Testament,
it says very clearly,

803
00:53:41,433 --> 00:53:46,404
"And then God created
man in our own image."

804
00:53:46,505 --> 00:53:50,675
Now, grammatically speaking,
that sentence doesn't make

805
00:53:50,709 --> 00:53:52,677
sense, because you have "God"

806
00:53:52,711 --> 00:53:54,579
and then you have "our image."

807
00:53:54,680 --> 00:54:00,017
Well, theologians suggest that,
by "our," what they meant is the

808
00:54:00,052 --> 00:54:04,222
Trinity, the Holy Trinity, so
basically, if you were to change

809
00:54:04,289 --> 00:54:08,726
the word "god" to "gods," then
all of a sudden, the sentence

810
00:54:08,760 --> 00:54:11,195
<i>makes sense-- "and then the gods</i>

811
00:54:11,230 --> 00:54:14,498
<i>created man in our own image."</i>

812
00:54:14,566 --> 00:54:16,567
<i>CARGILL: So you have this</i>

813
00:54:16,635 --> 00:54:18,903
<i>reference-- "let us create man</i>

814
00:54:18,937 --> 00:54:20,404
<i>in our image."</i>

815
00:54:20,472 --> 00:54:22,406
<i>In several religious texts,</i>

816
00:54:22,474 --> 00:54:23,574
<i>specifically the Hebrew Bible,</i>

817
00:54:23,642 --> 00:54:25,810
<i>which Christians also accept,</i>

818
00:54:25,844 --> 00:54:27,578
<i>and in the Koran, which Muslims</i>

819
00:54:27,613 --> 00:54:30,448
<i>revere as holy, you have the</i>

820
00:54:30,482 --> 00:54:32,650
<i>reference to God in the plural,</i>

821
00:54:32,718 --> 00:54:33,918
<i>and it is incredibly</i>

822
00:54:33,952 --> 00:54:36,420
<i>interesting.</i>

823
00:54:36,521 --> 00:54:38,422
<i>But do all these</i>

824
00:54:38,457 --> 00:54:39,991
<i>religious scriptures that tell</i>

825
00:54:40,058 --> 00:54:42,093
<i>similar stories really point to</i>

826
00:54:42,127 --> 00:54:44,629
<i>the possibility that aliens have</i>

827
00:54:44,696 --> 00:54:46,264
<i>visited Earth throughout ancient</i>

828
00:54:46,298 --> 00:54:48,899
<i>history?</i>

829
00:54:48,934 --> 00:54:50,901
<i>BIRNES: The fact is, the</i>

830
00:54:50,936 --> 00:54:53,638
<i>story of creation in our own</i>

831
00:54:53,705 --> 00:54:56,440
<i>Bible is the story of creation</i>

832
00:54:56,475 --> 00:54:59,043
<i>in cultures around the world.</i>

833
00:54:59,077 --> 00:55:00,544
<i>The story of the flood, the</i>

834
00:55:00,579 --> 00:55:02,813
<i>evolution of the human species,</i>

835
00:55:02,881 --> 00:55:05,082
<i>the development of language--</i>

836
00:55:05,117 --> 00:55:08,719
<i>all of this points to-- in fact,</i>

837
00:55:08,754 --> 00:55:11,188
<i>the Bible says so-- life on</i>

838
00:55:11,256 --> 00:55:13,891
<i>Earth came from contact with an</i>

839
00:55:13,959 --> 00:55:16,227
<i>extraterrestrial life form.</i>

840
00:55:16,261 --> 00:55:17,428
<i>That's in the Bible.</i>

841
00:55:17,496 --> 00:55:18,629
<i>That's in ancient cultures</i>

842
00:55:18,730 --> 00:55:19,797
<i>around the world.</i>

843
00:55:19,831 --> 00:55:21,065
<i>So I believe the theory of</i>

844
00:55:21,099 --> 00:55:22,633
<i>ancient astronauts is true, and</i>

845
00:55:22,668 --> 00:55:24,001
<i>I believe there's solid</i>

846
00:55:24,069 --> 00:55:25,803
<i>evidence there, and I believe</i>

847
00:55:25,837 --> 00:55:27,271
<i>the harder you try to refute</i>

848
00:55:27,306 --> 00:55:28,806
<i>that evidence, the more you wind</i>

849
00:55:28,840 --> 00:55:30,775
<i>up against a brick wall.</i>

850
00:55:30,809 --> 00:55:32,443
<i>That ancient astronauts visited</i>

851
00:55:32,511 --> 00:55:36,180
<i>us, visited Earth thousands upon</i>

852
00:55:36,248 --> 00:55:38,149
<i>thousands of years ago, and</i>

853
00:55:38,250 --> 00:55:40,251
<i>seeded the very civilization we</i>

854
00:55:40,319 --> 00:55:42,586
<i>have today.</i>

855
00:55:42,621 --> 00:55:45,156
<i>If the believers in</i>

856
00:55:45,257 --> 00:55:47,258
<i>the ancient astronaut theory are</i>

857
00:55:47,292 --> 00:55:49,727
<i>correct, then just who were</i>

858
00:55:49,795 --> 00:55:51,495
<i>these visitors?</i>

859
00:55:51,530 --> 00:55:53,064
<i>And might cutting-edge</i>

860
00:55:53,131 --> 00:55:56,133
<i>astrophysics and biology help us</i>

861
00:55:56,168 --> 00:55:59,070
<i>to uncover their identity?</i>

862
00:56:03,315 --> 00:56:09,520
On March 18, 1965, Russian
cosmonaut Alexei Leonov

863
00:56:09,588 --> 00:56:13,591
stepped outside the Voskhod 2
and became the first human to

864
00:56:13,625 --> 00:56:17,261
walk in space.

865
00:56:19,898 --> 00:56:23,801
He spent 12 minutes and eight
seconds outside his ship before

866
00:56:23,835 --> 00:56:26,304
returning.

867
00:56:26,338 --> 00:56:31,008
Leonov's survival depended upon
a protective suit that could

868
00:56:31,043 --> 00:56:33,744
keep him alive where there was
neither atmospheric pressure nor

869
00:56:33,812 --> 00:56:36,914
oxygen.

870
00:56:36,948 --> 00:56:40,851
If we need spacesuits, would
aliens traveling to Earth

871
00:56:40,919 --> 00:56:44,455
require the same protection?

872
00:56:46,925 --> 00:56:49,460
Is that what we're looking at
in these ancient carvings and

873
00:56:49,494 --> 00:56:51,962
drawings?

874
00:56:51,963 --> 00:56:56,033
When critics ask,
"Well, why would ancient

875
00:56:56,101 --> 00:57:01,539
astronauts have to wear
astronaut suits like... that

876
00:57:01,573 --> 00:57:02,940
we're familiar with today?,"

877
00:57:02,974 --> 00:57:05,009
the answer is very simple.

878
00:57:05,043 --> 00:57:09,714
Can we go through space without
wearing a type of suit?

879
00:57:09,748 --> 00:57:11,115
Of course not.

880
00:57:11,149 --> 00:57:15,853
We would die.

881
00:57:15,921 --> 00:57:20,691
'Cause who says that whoever
visited us in the remote past,

882
00:57:20,726 --> 00:57:27,998
that they could breathe in the
atmosphere of planet Earth?

883
00:57:30,669 --> 00:57:37,708
So, it's not farfetched to
suggest that they did, in fact,

884
00:57:37,743 --> 00:57:41,345
wear some type of suit.

885
00:57:45,183 --> 00:57:51,522
Why might these images
resemble modern astronauts?

886
00:57:51,556 --> 00:57:57,661
If they are aliens, is it possible
they are similar to humans?

887
00:57:57,729 --> 00:58:04,702
And could they have come from
a planet just like Earth?

888
00:58:04,736 --> 00:58:09,640
At the turn of the 20th century,
a group of British and German

889
00:58:09,708 --> 00:58:12,810
scientists considered
this possibility.

890
00:58:12,844 --> 00:58:16,914
They embraced a theory put forth
by early Greek philosophers,

891
00:58:17,015 --> 00:58:22,386
that all life in the universe
began in one specific place.

892
00:58:22,421 --> 00:58:26,457
This theory is called panspermia.

893
00:58:26,458 --> 00:58:29,360
Panspermia is the
theory that life formed in one

894
00:58:29,428 --> 00:58:33,731
place, and then got spread
around to other places.

895
00:58:33,765 --> 00:58:38,068
In outer space in the medium
between stars, we see molecules

896
00:58:38,103 --> 00:58:40,604
that are the building blocks of life.

897
00:58:40,639 --> 00:58:43,374
So it's easy to get the building
blocks of life to another

898
00:58:43,442 --> 00:58:44,442
planet.

899
00:58:44,543 --> 00:58:46,977
For example, if life formed on
Mars, it could have come here

900
00:58:47,012 --> 00:58:55,986
to Earth, contaminated Earth,
and then started life here.

901
00:58:56,021 --> 00:59:00,090
Roughly 3.6 billion years
ago, Mars was warm and

902
00:59:00,125 --> 00:59:05,162
wet, much like the
conditions on Earth today.

903
00:59:05,197 --> 00:59:08,732
Biologists believe that because
Mars cooled more quickly than

904
00:59:08,800 --> 00:59:12,903
other planets, life may
have developed there first.

905
00:59:16,475 --> 00:59:19,176
Mars is a better
candidate for life during the

906
00:59:19,244 --> 00:59:21,078
early part of the solar system.

907
00:59:21,112 --> 00:59:24,081
Mars rocks are coming here all
the time, and these have been

908
00:59:24,115 --> 00:59:27,718
knocked off Mars by
asteroid and comet impacts.

909
00:59:27,786 --> 00:59:31,789
And we know that they
could convey any Martian

910
00:59:31,823 --> 00:59:36,494
microorganisms to Earth.

911
00:59:36,495 --> 00:59:40,798
In August 1996, a team
of scientists made a

912
00:59:40,832 --> 00:59:43,734
stunning announcement.

913
00:59:43,802 --> 00:59:48,706
A Martian meteorite found in
Antarctica contained evidence of

914
00:59:48,740 --> 00:59:50,875
fossilized life.

915
00:59:50,909 --> 00:59:57,715
The four-pound rock, designated
ALH 84001, showed the presence

916
00:59:57,782 --> 01:00:01,919
of carbonate globules excreted
by microbes when they were alive

917
01:00:01,987 --> 01:00:05,456
on Mars 3.6 billion years ago.

918
01:00:05,524 --> 01:00:09,627
Earth was no longer alone.

919
01:00:09,661 --> 01:00:14,532
Life had existed elsewhere
in the universe.

920
01:00:14,633 --> 01:00:17,301
So this cross-
contamination between Mars and

921
01:00:17,335 --> 01:00:20,871
Earth, which 20 years ago was
regarded as a rather wild

922
01:00:20,939 --> 01:00:25,009
conjecture, is now pretty much
accepted by the astrobiology

923
01:00:25,043 --> 01:00:30,147
community.

924
01:00:30,181 --> 01:00:34,485
Astrobiologists studying the origin
and evolution of life in the

925
01:00:34,519 --> 01:00:38,489
universe embraced the
possibility that life on Earth

926
01:00:38,557 --> 01:00:45,229
began in outer space.

927
01:00:45,297 --> 01:00:49,500
Did modern-day scientists
finally prove what ancient

928
01:00:49,534 --> 01:00:56,307
cultures have believed for centuries?

929
01:00:56,341 --> 01:01:01,679
The common myth or
idea that the origins of

930
01:01:01,746 --> 01:01:05,316
humankind is from the
stars is widespread.

931
01:01:05,383 --> 01:01:08,018
Ancient cultures have...
The ancient Egyptians, the

932
01:01:08,053 --> 01:01:11,755
Mayans, the Aztecs, the
Indians and so forth...

933
01:01:11,823 --> 01:01:16,093
Uh, is intriguing, and
it's probably true.

934
01:01:16,127 --> 01:01:18,762
And I mean it from an
astrophysical point of view.

935
01:01:18,830 --> 01:01:20,230
We do come from the stars.

936
01:01:20,298 --> 01:01:24,034
It's a fact that life on earth
has been seeded by the coming of

937
01:01:24,102 --> 01:01:28,038
a comet containing the life matter.

938
01:01:30,575 --> 01:01:33,844
I personally suspect
there is life out there.

939
01:01:33,912 --> 01:01:37,047
In fact, I believe that we have evidence...
if nothing else,

940
01:01:37,115 --> 01:01:42,319
microbial evidence, for
life extraterrestrially.

941
01:01:42,387 --> 01:01:46,557
But if life did land on
Earth from outer space,

942
01:01:46,591 --> 01:01:53,564
was it by accident, or might it
have been sent here on purpose?

943
01:01:57,969 --> 01:02:01,205
One mainstream scientist thought so.

944
01:02:01,272 --> 01:02:04,208
British geneticist Francis
Crick is best known for his

945
01:02:04,242 --> 01:02:07,044
collaboration with James Watson.

946
01:02:07,078 --> 01:02:16,120
Together, they unraveled the
structure of human DNA in 1953.

947
01:02:16,154 --> 01:02:20,391
Less than ten years later, they
were awarded the Nobel Prize

948
01:02:20,425 --> 01:02:23,927
for their groundbreaking
work in genetics.

949
01:02:23,995 --> 01:02:29,633
In the 1960s, Crick became a
proponent of panspermia theory

950
01:02:29,668 --> 01:02:33,570
and took it to a whole new
level with an idea he called

951
01:02:33,638 --> 01:02:36,674
directed panspermia.

952
01:02:36,675 --> 01:02:39,009
Francis Crick
hypothesized that somewhere,

953
01:02:39,044 --> 01:02:43,747
perhaps on the other side of
the galaxy, there had been a

954
01:02:43,782 --> 01:02:48,018
civilization of advanced
intelligent beings.

955
01:02:48,086 --> 01:02:52,022
And they had found that their
planet was going to be destroyed.

956
01:02:52,090 --> 01:02:55,359
Perhaps a supernova was going to
go off in their vicinity, and

957
01:02:55,393 --> 01:02:59,630
their planet would be
sterilized of life.

958
01:02:59,664 --> 01:03:02,466
And he asked himself, "What
would an intelligent

959
01:03:02,500 --> 01:03:05,002
civilization do in
that situation?"

960
01:03:05,036 --> 01:03:07,738
Um, well, first of all, they'd
try to figure out if they could

961
01:03:07,806 --> 01:03:11,642
get out of there, if they could
actually preserve their lives

962
01:03:11,676 --> 01:03:13,644
and the lives of their descendants.

963
01:03:13,712 --> 01:03:16,280
Perhaps crowd into spaceships
and fly across interstellar

964
01:03:16,347 --> 01:03:21,118
space until they found a
suitable planet to colonize.

965
01:03:24,823 --> 01:03:27,458
But could it actually be true?

966
01:03:27,492 --> 01:03:31,161
Could we really be the
descendants of an alien race

967
01:03:31,196 --> 01:03:36,100
that traveled here from another world?

968
01:03:38,937 --> 01:03:45,109
The ultimate implication of
some exobiological theories is

969
01:03:45,176 --> 01:03:48,645
actually that we ourselves
are extraterrestrials,

970
01:03:48,713 --> 01:03:52,282
that life on earth arose
because organic material was

971
01:03:52,350 --> 01:03:55,886
brought here from elsewhere.

972
01:03:59,023 --> 01:04:02,359
What if we're the ones,
the descendants of those

973
01:04:02,393 --> 01:04:04,094
who came from another planet?

974
01:04:04,162 --> 01:04:06,730
We weren't created.

975
01:04:06,765 --> 01:04:11,835
We were brought here, seeded
planet Earth as a colony from

976
01:04:11,903 --> 01:04:14,338
some other planet.

977
01:04:14,372 --> 01:04:18,175
So we're colonists of another race.

978
01:04:18,209 --> 01:04:23,247
And that's why the
aliens look like us.

979
01:04:23,281 --> 01:04:27,751
In my opinion, it's not
unscientific to consider the

980
01:04:27,819 --> 01:04:32,723
possibility of ancient
astronauts, alien intervention.

981
01:04:32,791 --> 01:04:37,094
We live in a huge universe.

982
01:04:37,195 --> 01:04:42,099
Now, bacteria versus humanoids--
one may say, that's a big

983
01:04:42,200 --> 01:04:46,837
difference, but in some ways,
it's not a big difference.

984
01:04:46,905 --> 01:04:50,274
Where you have life, you have
the ability for that life to

985
01:04:50,375 --> 01:04:55,012
develop into what we consider
civilization or intelligent

986
01:04:55,079 --> 01:04:58,715
beings.

987
01:04:58,783 --> 01:05:03,020
Is it just a coincidence
that modern science

988
01:05:03,087 --> 01:05:09,259
and ancient alien theory have
come to the same conclusion:

989
01:05:09,327 --> 01:05:14,431
that life on Earth
came from the stars?

990
01:05:14,465 --> 01:05:18,235
And if it's possible that
billions of years ago, an

991
01:05:18,269 --> 01:05:22,172
extraterrestrial race spread
out across space, how would

992
01:05:22,240 --> 01:05:26,376
they survive in their new home?

993
01:05:26,444 --> 01:05:30,814
Could they really be our missing link?

994
01:05:35,583 --> 01:05:38,585
For thousands of
years, mankind has tried to

995
01:05:38,653 --> 01:05:43,123
depict alien beings who they
believe came from the skies.

996
01:05:43,158 --> 01:05:46,560
Many of those creatures seem
to share characteristics with

997
01:05:46,594 --> 01:05:48,228
humans.

998
01:05:48,296 --> 01:05:54,134
They often have two arms, two
legs, fingers and a head...

999
01:05:54,235 --> 01:05:55,936
just like we do.

1000
01:05:55,970 --> 01:06:01,041
Biologists refer to this basic
body shape as bilateral symmetry.

1001
01:06:01,109 --> 01:06:03,777
Bilateral
symmetry is, very simply, you

1002
01:06:03,812 --> 01:06:06,780
divide something down the
middle into two parts, and

1003
01:06:06,848 --> 01:06:10,751
lateral means up and down, and
the two sides are an exact

1004
01:06:10,785 --> 01:06:12,452
reflection of each other.

1005
01:06:12,487 --> 01:06:16,623
If you fold the thing in
half, all the parts line up.

1006
01:06:26,467 --> 01:06:29,636
Being
bilaterally symmetric allows

1007
01:06:29,737 --> 01:06:33,440
you to be streamlined...
and to develop a head end, so

1008
01:06:33,474 --> 01:06:35,475
you become cephalized.

1009
01:06:35,476 --> 01:06:37,444
And that certainly
happened in vertebrates.

1010
01:06:37,478 --> 01:06:40,447
Virtually, the mouth at the end
of something and then you get

1011
01:06:40,481 --> 01:06:43,283
progressive development, and
that seems to have led to many,

1012
01:06:43,318 --> 01:06:44,451
many advances.

1013
01:06:47,655 --> 01:06:50,924
So, when you look at it
closely, you can see a lot of

1014
01:06:50,992 --> 01:06:53,260
advantages coming in.

1015
01:06:53,294 --> 01:06:56,563
Having the two arms and two
legs to work together really

1016
01:06:56,631 --> 01:07:00,734
gives you great mobility
and balance and speed.

1017
01:07:06,875 --> 01:07:10,444
Having eyes on two sides
separated gives really improved

1018
01:07:10,511 --> 01:07:11,712
vision in various ways.

1019
01:07:11,779 --> 01:07:14,114
Animals that are predominantly
prey use their two eyes

1020
01:07:14,148 --> 01:07:16,483
independently and get
a huge field of view.

1021
01:07:16,517 --> 01:07:19,019
Animals that are predominantly
hunters have them more in the

1022
01:07:19,053 --> 01:07:21,255
front and get really good depth
perception, which you need if

1023
01:07:21,322 --> 01:07:23,423
you're gonna land on the
animal you're hunting.

1024
01:07:33,501 --> 01:07:37,070
If it is true that aliens
resemble humans in their

1025
01:07:37,138 --> 01:07:40,974
physical characteristics,
might there also be genetic

1026
01:07:41,042 --> 01:07:43,944
similarities?

1027
01:07:43,978 --> 01:07:46,480
Could we even be related?

1028
01:07:49,517 --> 01:07:53,954
In 2003, the U.S.
Government announced that the Human Genome

1029
01:07:53,988 --> 01:07:58,759
Project had identified all of
the nearly 25,000 genes in the

1030
01:07:58,793 --> 01:08:00,294
human body.

1031
01:08:00,328 --> 01:08:04,498
For the first time, scientists
had a road map to the genetic

1032
01:08:04,565 --> 01:08:07,134
make-up of humans.

1033
01:08:32,560 --> 01:08:36,496
In 2006, genetic researchers
at the University

1034
01:08:36,564 --> 01:08:40,233
of California at Santa Cruz
discovered an area of the

1035
01:08:40,301 --> 01:08:47,207
genome they called HAR1 that
appears to be unique to humans.

1036
01:08:47,208 --> 01:08:51,678
Scientists believe the HAR1
gene plays a critical role in

1037
01:08:51,746 --> 01:08:55,682
the advanced development of
the human brain, and is a key

1038
01:08:55,750 --> 01:08:59,586
element that sets us apart
from other animals.

1039
01:08:59,620 --> 01:09:01,588
But where did it come from?

1040
01:09:01,622 --> 01:09:05,225
Did humans develop this
distinct gene naturally through

1041
01:09:05,293 --> 01:09:06,593
evolution?

1042
01:09:06,627 --> 01:09:11,932
Or did it land here
from another planet?

1043
01:09:12,033 --> 01:09:15,669
Francis Crick, the British
scientist who helped discover

1044
01:09:15,737 --> 01:09:20,140
the structure of DNA, believed
that human genes could not have

1045
01:09:20,208 --> 01:09:21,775
evolved by chance.

1046
01:09:21,843 --> 01:09:24,277
Crick didn't feel
in that period of roughly

1047
01:09:24,312 --> 01:09:26,847
600 million years, from the
formation of the planet down to

1048
01:09:26,914 --> 01:09:29,683
the time when the planet could
first support life, there was

1049
01:09:29,751 --> 01:09:32,119
enough time for DNA to
evolve by accident.

1050
01:09:32,220 --> 01:09:34,921
It's an enormously
complicated molecule.

1051
01:09:34,956 --> 01:09:39,292
Crick gave this analogy: You
would be more likely to

1052
01:09:39,327 --> 01:09:44,564
assemble a fully functioning and
flying jumbo jet by passing

1053
01:09:44,632 --> 01:09:48,902
a hurricane through a junkyard
than you would be to assemble

1054
01:09:48,936 --> 01:09:53,573
the DNA molecule by chance in
any kind of primeval soup in

1055
01:09:53,641 --> 01:09:55,776
five or six hundred million years.

1056
01:09:55,843 --> 01:09:59,112
It's just not possible.

1057
01:09:59,147 --> 01:10:01,948
But if this molecule
could not have evolved

1058
01:10:01,983 --> 01:10:06,086
accidentally, how was it created?

1059
01:10:06,120 --> 01:10:10,357
Was it, as some believe,
put there on purpose?

1060
01:10:10,358 --> 01:10:13,360
The question
should not be do the

1061
01:10:13,394 --> 01:10:16,129
extraterrestrials look
like us or what do the

1062
01:10:16,197 --> 01:10:19,299
extraterrestrials look like,
but do we look like the

1063
01:10:19,333 --> 01:10:20,634
extraterrestrials?

1064
01:10:20,668 --> 01:10:25,272
Because according to the ancient
astronaut theory, a long, long

1065
01:10:25,306 --> 01:10:29,676
time ago, extraterrestrials
came here, and through a

1066
01:10:29,744 --> 01:10:35,849
targeted mutation of our genes,
we-- quote, unquote-- "became

1067
01:10:35,917 --> 01:10:38,285
human."

1068
01:10:43,691 --> 01:10:46,827
Possibly there is information in our DNA

1069
01:10:46,861 --> 01:10:53,400
about whether human evolution
was manipulated or not.

1070
01:10:53,401 --> 01:10:58,371
The DNA is almost deciphered,
yet we only understand five

1071
01:10:58,473 --> 01:11:03,276
percent of the information it carries.

1072
01:11:03,311 --> 01:11:06,179
Geneticists have
determined that it only

1073
01:11:06,214 --> 01:11:11,751
takes about five percent to
clone a human being, and that

1074
01:11:11,819 --> 01:11:17,023
95% of that genetic material
that we have in our bodies is

1075
01:11:17,091 --> 01:11:22,662
nothing more than what they
refer to as "genetic junk."

1076
01:11:22,730 --> 01:11:24,731
Why is everything there?

1077
01:11:24,832 --> 01:11:27,200
And there's probably parts of
the DNA that don't have an

1078
01:11:27,268 --> 01:11:28,201
obvious current function.

1079
01:11:28,269 --> 01:11:30,670
Maybe they're left over from
something that was used in the

1080
01:11:30,738 --> 01:11:34,007
past, kind of like our
appendix is left over.

1081
01:11:34,041 --> 01:11:37,377
Could this "genetic junk"
hold the key to the

1082
01:11:37,445 --> 01:11:39,846
evolution of humans?

1083
01:11:39,881 --> 01:11:43,817
Some people suggest that
decoding our DNA entirely will

1084
01:11:43,851 --> 01:11:48,722
unlock startling information
about our origins.

1085
01:11:48,756 --> 01:11:52,359
But could it even prove that
aliens played a role in our

1086
01:11:52,393 --> 01:11:55,729
development thousands of years ago?

1087
01:11:55,763 --> 01:12:00,100
If you hypothetically
wanted to record

1088
01:12:00,201 --> 01:12:05,205
an eternal message that could
be decoded by a creature that

1089
01:12:05,239 --> 01:12:09,009
had eventually evolved enough
intelligence to decode it, the

1090
01:12:09,076 --> 01:12:12,812
place to put that message would
not be on some monument or in

1091
01:12:12,847 --> 01:12:18,818
some text, which might be swept
away, but actually on the DNA of

1092
01:12:18,886 --> 01:12:23,290
the creature itself.

1093
01:12:25,793 --> 01:12:31,431
It's recently been established
that DNA is a recording medium

1094
01:12:31,465 --> 01:12:33,800
of almost limitless power.

1095
01:12:33,868 --> 01:12:36,970
It would be technically
possible to record the entire

1096
01:12:37,004 --> 01:12:41,708
knowledge of a civilization
on the DNA in our bodies.

1097
01:12:41,776 --> 01:12:48,348
All you'd need is a way to
access that information.

1098
01:12:48,416 --> 01:12:51,518
I think we
have something, the whole

1099
01:12:51,586 --> 01:12:54,421
humanity, in our genes.

1100
01:12:54,422 --> 01:13:00,160
Somewhere in our genes it is
coded that extraterrestrials

1101
01:13:00,228 --> 01:13:03,797
were here thousands of years ago.

1102
01:13:03,798 --> 01:13:07,767
But the questions persist:
If aliens visited

1103
01:13:07,802 --> 01:13:14,474
Earth tens of thousands of years ago...
how did they get here?

1104
01:13:14,508 --> 01:13:18,778
When we look to the past for
the answers, are we looking in

1105
01:13:18,813 --> 01:13:20,780
the wrong place?

1106
01:13:20,815 --> 01:13:27,120
Should we actually look forward...
to our future?

1107
01:13:34,699 --> 01:13:37,968
Scientists agree that
the best chances of finding

1108
01:13:38,002 --> 01:13:43,006
alien life will be on planets
similar to ours, and

1109
01:13:43,074 --> 01:13:45,709
descriptions of
extraterrestrials seem to

1110
01:13:45,810 --> 01:13:48,612
resemble humans in many ways.

1111
01:13:48,646 --> 01:13:52,182
Some ancient astronaut
theorists draw a surprising

1112
01:13:52,217 --> 01:13:56,520
conclusion from these facts,
suggesting that aliens might

1113
01:13:56,554 --> 01:14:00,057
actually be human.

1114
01:14:00,058 --> 01:14:05,095
It is odd that many of
the descriptions of aliens

1115
01:14:05,163 --> 01:14:10,000
are effectively humanoid, and
this raises an interesting

1116
01:14:10,068 --> 01:14:11,168
possibility.

1117
01:14:11,202 --> 01:14:14,004
One idea that's been put
forward is that, uh, these are

1118
01:14:14,072 --> 01:14:17,274
not extraterrestrials at all,
but they're time travelers from

1119
01:14:17,342 --> 01:14:19,042
the future.

1120
01:14:19,077 --> 01:14:23,046
They could be us from
a thousand, 2,000, 10,000

1121
01:14:23,081 --> 01:14:24,781
years from now.

1122
01:14:24,816 --> 01:14:28,418
Let's assume for a moment that
10,000 years from now on this

1123
01:14:28,453 --> 01:14:31,788
planet, if we all survive,
that time travel was created.

1124
01:14:31,823 --> 01:14:33,056
They've invented it.

1125
01:14:33,091 --> 01:14:36,526
Just like the time machine of H.
G. Wells' day, they can go

1126
01:14:36,561 --> 01:14:39,229
back, or they can go forward.

1127
01:14:39,230 --> 01:14:41,064
So let's assume 10,000 years

1128
01:14:41,099 --> 01:14:44,434
<i>from now we decide to come back</i>

1129
01:14:44,535 --> 01:14:45,903
<i>to see us.</i>

1130
01:14:45,937 --> 01:14:47,537
<i>Maybe they have changed</i>

1131
01:14:47,572 --> 01:14:48,538
physically.

1132
01:14:48,606 --> 01:14:53,510
They look like the alien grays
or whoever they may be.

1133
01:14:53,544 --> 01:14:56,280
It could well be that
ancient astronauts might

1134
01:14:56,314 --> 01:14:59,483
not be creatures from other
planets at all, but time

1135
01:14:59,550 --> 01:15:04,121
travelers from 2720 in a time machine.

1136
01:15:06,925 --> 01:15:10,027
Time travel is an essential
concept for science

1137
01:15:10,094 --> 01:15:14,031
fiction, but would it be
possible for flesh-and-blood

1138
01:15:14,098 --> 01:15:17,034
humans to find a way to
transport themselves through

1139
01:15:17,101 --> 01:15:19,836
time with current technology?

1140
01:15:19,871 --> 01:15:24,608
Would this enable us to cover
the vast distances of space?

1141
01:15:24,609 --> 01:15:27,044
If I could
travel close to the speed of

1142
01:15:27,111 --> 01:15:30,814
light, I could reach the year
3000, say, in a couple of years.

1143
01:15:30,815 --> 01:15:33,383
Have to get very close to the
speed of light for that, but

1144
01:15:33,418 --> 01:15:36,820
it's doable, and we know that
this isn't a theory, this is...

1145
01:15:36,854 --> 01:15:39,389
this is real physics-- we could
demonstrate these time-warping

1146
01:15:39,457 --> 01:15:42,392
effects.

1147
01:15:42,427 --> 01:15:45,662
So you can reach the future
quicker by traveling close to

1148
01:15:45,730 --> 01:15:46,630
the speed of light.

1149
01:15:48,132 --> 01:15:51,101
The concept of time
travel was first proposed

1150
01:15:51,135 --> 01:15:55,639
by Albert Einstein in 1905 when
he published his Theory of

1151
01:15:55,673 --> 01:15:57,741
Special Relativity.

1152
01:15:57,775 --> 01:16:00,477
Ancient astronaut
theory says that astronauts

1153
01:16:00,511 --> 01:16:03,113
visited us a long time
ago from somewhere else.

1154
01:16:03,147 --> 01:16:05,482
The technology involved in
doing that, we would assume

1155
01:16:05,583 --> 01:16:07,851
would be similar to
what we understand now.

1156
01:16:07,919 --> 01:16:10,120
I mean, we know special
relativity is a law of physics.

1157
01:16:10,188 --> 01:16:12,656
It holds anywhere in the universe.

1158
01:16:12,757 --> 01:16:15,359
Ancient astronauts that would
come all the way here can

1159
01:16:15,393 --> 01:16:18,362
travel these large distances and
not age that much, relative

1160
01:16:18,396 --> 01:16:19,663
to their home planet.

1161
01:16:19,764 --> 01:16:22,132
Because if you're going close
enough to the speed of light,

1162
01:16:22,166 --> 01:16:25,535
you will have slowed down time
enough that when you get back,

1163
01:16:25,570 --> 01:16:28,372
hundreds, thousands, or even
millions of years could have

1164
01:16:28,406 --> 01:16:31,375
passed.

1165
01:16:36,346 --> 01:16:40,516
One limitation to this
method of travel is that

1166
01:16:40,551 --> 01:16:44,987
because a spacecraft has mass,
it theoretically cannot reach

1167
01:16:45,088 --> 01:16:47,723
the exact speed of light.

1168
01:16:47,791 --> 01:16:51,260
The resulting reduction in
velocity would then dramatically

1169
01:16:51,295 --> 01:16:56,632
increase the amount of time needed
to cross the vast universe.

1170
01:16:56,700 --> 01:17:00,002
Well, there's
definitely many theories about

1171
01:17:00,037 --> 01:17:05,007
how extraterrestrials got here,
how their propulsion system got

1172
01:17:05,108 --> 01:17:06,275
them to planet Earth.

1173
01:17:06,343 --> 01:17:09,946
They're surely not coming here
the way we go out into space.

1174
01:17:09,980 --> 01:17:11,314
They'd never get here.

1175
01:17:11,348 --> 01:17:13,049
They are finding different ways.

1176
01:17:13,116 --> 01:17:16,485
They have either developed a new
form of propulsion, or they're

1177
01:17:16,520 --> 01:17:20,957
able to travel through-- what
I've always believed-- wormholes

1178
01:17:20,991 --> 01:17:22,425
throughout the universe.

1179
01:17:22,459 --> 01:17:27,430
That would instantaneously
put them here.

1180
01:17:27,464 --> 01:17:31,200
The idea of wormholes
was first proposed in

1181
01:17:31,235 --> 01:17:36,973
1935 by Albert Einstein and his
longtime collaborator Nathan

1182
01:17:37,007 --> 01:17:38,207
Rosen.

1183
01:17:38,242 --> 01:17:42,478
They began to explore the
possibility that space and time

1184
01:17:42,512 --> 01:17:48,484
could literally be bent to
create a time travel shortcut.

1185
01:17:48,518 --> 01:17:51,387
Wormholes have
not been detected.

1186
01:17:51,421 --> 01:17:55,558
They are a postulated structure
in space that involve actually

1187
01:17:55,592 --> 01:17:59,061
taking-- if you want to think of
a sheet of paper-- bending it in

1188
01:17:59,129 --> 01:18:02,832
half and connecting the two
pieces that you get together.

1189
01:18:02,866 --> 01:18:05,501
A wormhole is thought to
do something like that.

1190
01:18:05,569 --> 01:18:08,304
Space gets warped, and it
connects between two different

1191
01:18:08,338 --> 01:18:09,305
parts of space.

1192
01:18:09,339 --> 01:18:11,307
You know, there's predictions
about what they would look like;

1193
01:18:11,341 --> 01:18:13,509
there's theories about them, but
we haven't detected one yet.

1194
01:18:13,543 --> 01:18:15,511
You're not actually ever
traveling faster than the speed

1195
01:18:15,579 --> 01:18:18,648
of light; you're just cutting corners.

1196
01:18:18,649 --> 01:18:22,218
You don't actually
have to go light speed and

1197
01:18:22,252 --> 01:18:24,487
travel for light-years to someplace.

1198
01:18:24,521 --> 01:18:26,589
You literally go there through
a wormhole and through

1199
01:18:26,657 --> 01:18:29,659
hyperspace, and bang, you're there.

1200
01:18:29,660 --> 01:18:33,029
If you can have a
wormhole in space, then it can

1201
01:18:33,063 --> 01:18:36,666
be turned, in principle,
into a time machine.

1202
01:18:36,700 --> 01:18:40,770
And so travel back in time as
well as forward in time would

1203
01:18:40,837 --> 01:18:42,038
then be possible.

1204
01:18:42,072 --> 01:18:44,507
The problem is: where do
you get your wormhole?

1205
01:18:44,541 --> 01:18:48,511
Uh, it's not inconceivable that
wormholes were made in the Big

1206
01:18:48,545 --> 01:18:51,113
Bang, coughed out along with
everything else, and there might

1207
01:18:51,148 --> 01:18:55,051
be one out there in the universe
we could harvest or adapt to

1208
01:18:55,085 --> 01:18:56,552
form a time machine.

1209
01:18:56,586 --> 01:18:59,055
If you end up
discovering that you could make

1210
01:18:59,122 --> 01:19:01,657
wormholes, then that increases
the range that you can explore

1211
01:19:01,692 --> 01:19:04,994
in space and that increases
the likelihood of having two

1212
01:19:05,062 --> 01:19:08,464
civilizations at the same time
with the right technology to

1213
01:19:08,532 --> 01:19:12,001
communicate with each other.

1214
01:19:12,069 --> 01:19:15,104
While theoretically
possible, traveling through

1215
01:19:15,172 --> 01:19:18,541
wormholes or at the speed
of light is currently both

1216
01:19:18,575 --> 01:19:24,180
economically and technically
impossible for us here on Earth.

1217
01:19:25,615 --> 01:19:31,020
Using modern propulsion methods,
it would take 70,000 years to

1218
01:19:31,088 --> 01:19:32,788
reach the nearest star.

1219
01:19:32,823 --> 01:19:35,691
Our fastest
rockets are totally puny.

1220
01:19:35,726 --> 01:19:37,059
It's really pathetic.

1221
01:19:37,094 --> 01:19:42,064
So we're talking about .
01% of the speed of light if you're

1222
01:19:42,099 --> 01:19:43,265
lucky.

1223
01:19:43,300 --> 01:19:46,235
Any object that we can fire out
into the solar system is going

1224
01:19:46,269 --> 01:19:52,074
to take tens of thousands of
years to reach the nearest star.

1225
01:19:53,176 --> 01:19:58,514
Believe it or not, at 4.6
billion yrs old, our

1226
01:19:58,582 --> 01:20:02,585
solar system is one of the
youngest in the universe.

1227
01:20:02,619 --> 01:20:07,323
But if civilizations exist in
other galaxies, is it possible

1228
01:20:07,391 --> 01:20:10,393
that they are more advanced
than those on Earth?

1229
01:20:10,427 --> 01:20:14,063
And if so, could they be ahead
of us in their ability to travel

1230
01:20:14,097 --> 01:20:17,133
through space and time?

1231
01:20:17,200 --> 01:20:20,770
For extraterrestrials
to come here,

1232
01:20:20,804 --> 01:20:23,672
through the vast reaches of
space to our planet, they

1233
01:20:23,707 --> 01:20:28,477
clearly have to have technology
that's way in advance of what we

1234
01:20:28,512 --> 01:20:30,046
have today.

1235
01:20:30,113 --> 01:20:33,416
To go from solar system to solar
system, rather than going warp

1236
01:20:33,483 --> 01:20:35,885
<i>speed, like in Star Trek, you</i>

1237
01:20:35,952 --> 01:20:39,755
<i>really are going to travel, as
they do in Star Wars, where</i>

1238
01:20:39,790 --> 01:20:42,224
you're jumping through hyperspace.

1239
01:20:42,292 --> 01:20:47,596
Going from a solar system to
solar system is no time at all.

1240
01:20:49,633 --> 01:20:54,103
Just because we
can't travel from star to star

1241
01:20:54,137 --> 01:20:59,775
does not mean another more advanced
society can't do it either.

1242
01:20:59,776 --> 01:21:03,212
I think that's the height of
human arrogance to say, "Just

1243
01:21:03,246 --> 01:21:08,217
because we can't do it, another
more advanced civilization can't

1244
01:21:08,285 --> 01:21:12,121
do it either," so, you know, we
have to stop looking at us that

1245
01:21:12,155 --> 01:21:18,594
we are the pinnacle of
creation 'cause we're not.

1246
01:21:18,662 --> 01:21:22,298
Celestial beings.

1247
01:21:22,332 --> 01:21:26,135
Visitors from the skies.

1248
01:21:26,203 --> 01:21:30,873
Deities descending from the
heavens to interact with man.

1249
01:21:30,941 --> 01:21:34,510
Could these worldwide stories
be the foundation for the

1250
01:21:34,578 --> 01:21:37,279
prevailing belief that
something greater than

1251
01:21:37,314 --> 01:21:42,685
ourselves, from beyond our
world, created the universe as

1252
01:21:42,719 --> 01:21:45,588
we know it?

1253
01:21:54,271 --> 01:21:58,174
Almost all of the great
world faiths are based on

1254
01:21:58,275 --> 01:22:02,812
stories of celestial
beings who visit Earth.

1255
01:22:02,846 --> 01:22:06,148
Many millions of people accept
these legends as part of their

1256
01:22:06,183 --> 01:22:09,218
core beliefs.

1257
01:22:13,190 --> 01:22:17,793
And from the earliest cave drawings...
to images at

1258
01:22:17,861 --> 01:22:20,796
Roswell, we see artists'

1259
01:22:20,864 --> 01:22:24,867
interpretations of
extraterrestrials or gods coming

1260
01:22:24,902 --> 01:22:27,803
to our planet.

1261
01:22:27,871 --> 01:22:33,242
In many traditions, there
is something coming from above.

1262
01:22:33,310 --> 01:22:36,512
There is a stairway to heaven or
there's a whirlwind or an angel

1263
01:22:36,580 --> 01:22:39,448
descends.

1264
01:22:39,483 --> 01:22:44,887
Sometimes the encounter
is quite dangerous.

1265
01:22:44,888 --> 01:22:47,490
As would be appropriate to
something awesome and larger and

1266
01:22:47,524 --> 01:22:49,158
more powerful than we are.

1267
01:22:49,192 --> 01:22:52,261
Usually it is memorable.

1268
01:22:56,767 --> 01:23:00,870
Many of the myths are
much more specific and they

1269
01:23:00,904 --> 01:23:06,509
really talk about gods
physically coming to Earth--

1270
01:23:06,543 --> 01:23:14,884
landing, doing miracles, and
showing the people how to live.

1271
01:23:14,918 --> 01:23:18,988
If visitors did come
from the stars, is it

1272
01:23:19,056 --> 01:23:25,394
possible that they actually changed the way
ancient people thought?

1273
01:23:25,429 --> 01:23:31,400
Did they provide an intellectual spark
to prehistoric civilizations?

1274
01:23:31,435 --> 01:23:35,071
Could that be the reason why so
many different cultures could

1275
01:23:35,105 --> 01:23:39,942
build such large and
lasting monuments?

1276
01:23:39,977 --> 01:23:43,245
It's almost as if
primitive man woke up one

1277
01:23:43,313 --> 01:23:46,882
morning and went, "Hey, I've got
this knowledge and I know how to

1278
01:23:46,950 --> 01:23:50,553
make tools and I'm gonna go
and build all these things."

1279
01:23:50,620 --> 01:23:52,888
Nah, I don't think it
happened that way.

1280
01:23:52,956 --> 01:23:56,592
I think others came down to this
planet and started teaching

1281
01:23:56,626 --> 01:24:01,931
other people, uh, that
were beginning to evolve.

1282
01:24:01,965 --> 01:24:07,970
But the one thing I truly do not
believe is that modern cavemen

1283
01:24:08,005 --> 01:24:15,778
at the time basically created
all this knowledge out of thin air.

1284
01:24:15,812 --> 01:24:19,749
All around the
world, we have concise

1285
01:24:19,783 --> 01:24:27,123
descriptions in ancient texts
which say word for word that

1286
01:24:27,157 --> 01:24:32,128
some beings came from the sky.

1287
01:24:32,129 --> 01:24:38,401
So it's as if this intellectual
Big Bang or this Big Bang of

1288
01:24:38,468 --> 01:24:44,473
knowledge occurred in various
periods of time, and those

1289
01:24:44,508 --> 01:24:49,945
various periods of time most
concisely always correlate with

1290
01:24:50,013 --> 01:24:58,654
some type of description of
gods descending from the sky.

1291
01:25:02,492 --> 01:25:05,961
I do think of
that as a very significant

1292
01:25:06,029 --> 01:25:09,231
before-and-after moment in the
human story, and it is not a

1293
01:25:09,299 --> 01:25:12,468
moment that is linked
to physical evolution.

1294
01:25:12,502 --> 01:25:14,236
We've already got the hardware.

1295
01:25:14,304 --> 01:25:17,606
It's as though something
happened to our software around

1296
01:25:17,674 --> 01:25:20,509
about that time, and I think
it's a very intriguing moment

1297
01:25:20,577 --> 01:25:23,145
in the human story.

1298
01:25:25,215 --> 01:25:29,018
For supporters of ancient
alien theory, the

1299
01:25:29,052 --> 01:25:32,054
verdict is already in.

1300
01:25:32,089 --> 01:25:35,591
They believe that aliens visited
many of Earth's earliest

1301
01:25:35,659 --> 01:25:39,395
cultures thousands of years ago.

1302
01:25:39,429 --> 01:25:41,664
But is it possible?

1303
01:25:41,698 --> 01:25:44,300
Are extraterrestrials
responsible for the sacred

1304
01:25:44,367 --> 01:25:48,838
creation myths of the first
human civilizations?

1305
01:25:48,872 --> 01:25:52,374
Might they have tampered with our DNA?

1306
01:25:52,409 --> 01:25:55,678
Are humans themselves aliens
from another planet in the

1307
01:25:55,745 --> 01:26:00,049
heavens or even from another time?

1308
01:26:00,117 --> 01:26:05,688
While man continues to search
for these answers, the questions remain.

1309
01:26:05,722 --> 01:26:10,025
If they came here, what
was their mission?

1310
01:26:10,093 --> 01:26:15,030
We call Earth home, but with
perfect conditions for life,

1311
01:26:15,098 --> 01:26:19,201
could it be a beacon, calling
out to other intelligent

1312
01:26:19,236 --> 01:26:25,474
civilizations that may
exist in the universe?

1313
01:26:25,542 --> 01:26:28,577
I think there is
life, simple life, bacterial

1314
01:26:28,612 --> 01:26:30,579
life, microbial life on other planets.

1315
01:26:30,647 --> 01:26:32,581
I think we're going to find that.

1316
01:26:32,649 --> 01:26:34,650
And who knows?

1317
01:26:34,651 --> 01:26:38,487
Maybe one day we'll find some
other planet that's capable of

1318
01:26:38,555 --> 01:26:42,291
sustaining life, that has
evolved people over a long

1319
01:26:42,392 --> 01:26:45,394
period of time, that are
also looking up at the stars

1320
01:26:45,462 --> 01:26:49,098
wondering: is there anybody else
out there, are we the only ones?

1321
01:26:49,132 --> 01:26:51,767
What bigger
question could we ask about

1322
01:26:51,801 --> 01:26:54,103
ourselves and our place
in the universe?

1323
01:26:54,137 --> 01:26:57,573
You know, is there life elsewhere
in the universe, or are we it?

1324
01:26:57,641 --> 01:27:00,743
I mean, I think it's one of the
most fascinating questions, and

1325
01:27:00,810 --> 01:27:03,746
we're fortunate enough to live
in a time when we can address

1326
01:27:03,780 --> 01:27:08,150
this question scientifically and really
try and get at some answers.

1327
01:27:08,151 --> 01:27:11,487
You can then come
up with a conclusion that

1328
01:27:11,521 --> 01:27:16,125
something, one, very strange is
happening on this planet, and

1329
01:27:16,159 --> 01:27:21,130
two, if it's coming from outside
of this system, then we're being

1330
01:27:21,198 --> 01:27:26,168
visited by something that has
some intelligence behind it.

1331
01:27:26,203 --> 01:27:31,840
In the end the truth
wins, and we've seen this

1332
01:27:31,875 --> 01:27:38,480
in history, where scientific
theories or ideas that have been

1333
01:27:38,515 --> 01:27:46,188
deemed impossible turned out to
be true, and so it is my firm

1334
01:27:46,223 --> 01:27:51,360
conviction that the same will count
for the ancient alien theory.

1335
01:27:52,294 --> 01:27:57,294
Sync by kuniva for addic7ed.com