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NARRATOR: Mega-machines
cutting through solid rock...

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the transportation of multi-ton
stone blocks...

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modern aircraft carrying
millions of people each day

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around the world...

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and space shuttles sending
humans to the stars.

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(over radio):
And liftoff of Endeavor...

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NARRATOR: But are these
examples of modern technology,

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or is there evidence that these
incredible achievements existed

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on Earth thousands of years ago?

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GRAHAM HANCOCK: You begin to
have to ask yourself,

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are we missing part of
the story?

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NARRATOR:
Could ancient man

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have possessed knowledge far
beyond that of our own century?

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And if so,
where did it come from?

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DR. ALGUND EENBOOM: I think that
people in ancient times were

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visited by beings coming
not from this Earth,

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and they gave us
scientific technologies.

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PHILIP COPPENS:
It becomes ever more apparent

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that the possible answer of

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"Have aliens visited
in the past?"

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could be a potential yes.

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NARRATOR: Millions of people
around the world believe we have

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been visited in the past by
extraterrestrial beings.

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What if it were true?

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Did ancient aliens really help
to shape our history?

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And if so, what if there were
clues left behind,

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sometimes hiding in plain sight?

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What if we could find
the evidence?

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NARRATOR:
Saqqara, Egypt.

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Located roughly 20 miles
south of Cairo,

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it is home to the
world-famous step pyramid

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of King Djoser.

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Dating back
more than 4,000 years,

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it is the oldest of
Egypt's 97 pyramids.

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Saqqara is also famous for being

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one of Egypt's
oldest burial grounds,

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earning it the nickname
"City of the Dead."

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It was here, in 1891, that
French archeologists unearthed

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an ancient tomb containing the
burial remains of Pa-di-Imen,

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an official
from the third century BC.

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Among the various items
discovered

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"I want to fly."

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The artifact was later sent to
the Cairo Museum,

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where authorities placed it
alongside

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several other bird figurines.

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The model sat largely
unnoticed, until 1969,

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when Egyptologist Dr. Kahlil
Messiha was examining

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the bird collection and noticed
that there was something

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very different about
the Saqqara bird.

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DR. UWE APEL: It's
interesting because on one hand,

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clearly, it should look like a
bird because it has eyes and has

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a typical nose of a bird.

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On the other hand, the wings are
clearly not bird wings.

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DR. ALGUND EENBOOM:
To the middle of the rim,

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you see this
wing a bit thicker.

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In this region, the lift-up is
the highest.

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The whole thing becomes thinner
to the, um, end of the wings.

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And those wings, uh, model down.

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And this is a very modern
aerodynamic design.

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APEL: Then the other point
is, birds have no rudders.

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Because a bird does not need
a rudder

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because of its
aerodynamic architecture.

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And so, there is the idea they
are not representing birds,

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but flying machines,
or aircraft.

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NARRATOR: Could the ancient
Egyptians have possessed

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the power of flight?

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In 2006, aviation
and aerodynamics expert

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Simon Sanderson built a scale
model of the Saqqara bird

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five times larger
than the original

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to test that possibility.

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We're running
at a constant speed,

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slowly increasing
the angle of attack,

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and then measuring the
forces which it's producing.

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That way, we can learn about
its flight characteristics.

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At ten degrees, we're producing
four times weight and lift.

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So, it actually would be flying
now. That's good.

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EENBOOM:
Tests shows

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the Saqqara bird is
a highly-developed glider.

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And this is a design
we use today.

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NARRATOR:
During the Sanderson tests,

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it was discovered that the only
thing preventing

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the Saqqara bird from
achieving flight

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was the lack of
a rear stabilizing rudder,

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or elevator,
needed to maintain balance.

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Is it possible
that the Saqqara bird

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ever possessed this
critical component?

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APEL:
What is, uh...

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missing is something
like an elevator,

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but if you look at this feature
here, then we may interpret

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that something like an elevator
was connected here,

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but was lost during history.

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NARRATOR:
Computer models

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seem to confirm that the Saqqara
bird is certainly airworthy.

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But there is another problem to
consider: launching a glider.

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Modern methods require the use
of a towplane

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that pulls the
glider into the air,

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then releases it when a proper
altitude is reached.

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So, how might
the ancient Egyptians

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have launched the Saqqara bird?

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The scientifics of
Egyptology told us

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that such a bird could be
powered off by catapults to fly.

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And, uh, we had high acceptance
by Egyptian scientists.

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NARRATOR: The idea of using
a catapult does have

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a contemporary parallel.

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Many of today’s glider
enthusiasts

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employ a bungee cord system

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to launch their
sail craft into the air.

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But if the Saqqara bird is
capable of flight,

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where would ancient Egyptians
have acquired such technology?

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EENBOOM: I think that people
in ancient times

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were visited by beings coming
not from this Earth,

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and they gave us culture
and scientific technologies

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to improve our life on Earth

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coming from the primitive
to a higher developed culture.

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ABEL: If ancient cultures
would be able to produce

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any really flyable machine,

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they would be far more advanced
than we believe today.

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It changes our... our viewpoint
of ancient societies.

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COPPENS: It's a fact
that our ancestors

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were more intelligent and had
more technological superiority

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capabilities than our history
books give them credit for.

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HANCOCK: You begin to
have to ask yourself,

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"Are we missing
part of the story?"

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And honestly, I think we are.

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I think there has been

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a forgotten episode
in human history.

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And, uh, we're a species
with amnesia.

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We don't really remember who
or what we are.

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ROBERT BAUVAL: I haven't been
convinced that there is

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evidence that supports
an ancient visitation.

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But there is no reason why not,
and I think to shut oneself

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to that possibility
is a mistake,

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mainly because there are so many
anomalies that we can't explain.

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NARRATOR:
7,000 miles from Egypt,

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the dense jungles and
rugged mountains of Colombia

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contain a vast number of
archaeological sites.

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Many treasure hunters believed
the legendary City of Gold,

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El Dorado, lies hidden here

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somewhere under
a thick canopy of trees.

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While the mythical metropolis
has never been found,

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early in the 20th century,
tomb-robbers searching along

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the Magdalena River stumbled
upon a gravesite dating back

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1,500 years to a
pre-Colombian civilization

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known as the Tolima.

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Among the funerary objects
found there

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were hundreds of small two- to
three-inch gold figurines.

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GIORGIO TSOUKALOS:
Many of those

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looked like insects and fish.

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However, out of those hundreds
that they found,

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they also found about a dozen

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that are eerily reminiscent
of modern-day fighterjets.

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They have a triangular shape.

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They have an upright tailfin,

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stabilizers...

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and a fuselage.

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And they have nothing in common

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with anything similar in nature.

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NARRATOR: Could these gold
objects really be proof

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that Earth has been visited by
ancient aliens?

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APEL:
One of the objects

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shows a typical swept wings,
like with a modern aircraft.

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And if you compare it to
something like a space shuttle,

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you see that the basic wing
shape is very similar

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to wing shapes for high-speed
aerodynamic bodies

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like a space shuttle is.

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COPPENS: There is not a
single insect in the world

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which has got its wings
at the bottom.

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Now, when you exclude the
possibility that it's an insect,

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one of the things which remain
is the fact that this is

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actually, yes,
what it looks like: a plane.

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NARRATOR: In 1997,
German aviation experts

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including Algund Eenboom
and Peter Belting,

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set out to prove the
speculation by building

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a scale-model replica
of the gold flyer,

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fully equipped with landing gear
and a working engine.

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EENBOOM: It was rather simple,
because we don't need to put

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much parts to this shape because
this shape is perfect.

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Everything was already done by
the native people

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2,000 years ago.

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TSOUKALOS: They did not add
an inch or remove an inch.

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They just essentially blew the
little thing into a larger size.

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I mean, this is sensational

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that pre-Colombian culture knew
about aerodynamics.

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NARRATOR: Once completed, the
remote-controlled flyer took off

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down a makeshift runway
and flew.

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COPPENS: When you see this
thing taking off,

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you really feel
that this is the real deal.

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It was a very successful test
and showed us how perfect

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ancient people were
working out aerodynamic design.

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What it shows you
that there must

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be something happened.

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We are not quite sure how it
did, but that it did.

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This is applied science.

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This isn’t just thinking
somewhere.

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This is people going out there
and making sure and proving,

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what I still see, anybody can
see this, that this is real.

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This is genuine.

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This little thing, which sits in
a museum, could fly.

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TSOUKALOS:
So we have two examples

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from opposite side of the
planet, and both examples

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are aerodynamically sound
and they fly.

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So, to suggest that all of this
is coincidence...

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00:12:56,818 --> 00:12:58,902
I mean, after a while,

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even coincidence
no longer makes sense.

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00:13:02,157 --> 00:13:05,200
BILL BIRNES:
Could the ancients have seen

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00:13:05,201 --> 00:13:09,121
actual entities, like ancient
gods, ancient astronauts,

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00:13:09,205 --> 00:13:13,876
actually flying around in what
amounted to modern aircraft?

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NARRATOR: The answer to these
questions may be found

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in ancient documents
that describe

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00:13:19,674 --> 00:13:24,845
flight patterns, aircraft specs,
and even aerial battles

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00:13:24,929 --> 00:13:27,514
in remarkable detail.

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00:13:32,228 --> 00:13:34,229
NARRATOR:
Over the past 50 years,

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00:13:34,230 --> 00:13:39,193
NASA has sent astronauts
into space inside large rockets.

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00:13:39,235 --> 00:13:42,946
This method has been described
by some as simply

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00:13:43,072 --> 00:13:45,240
"putting a man on a large
firecracker

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00:13:45,241 --> 00:13:48,494
and lighting the fuse."

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00:13:51,873 --> 00:13:55,250
Man's ability to travel farther
into space

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will require more
advanced propulsion systems.

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00:13:58,129 --> 00:14:01,298
Several are being
researched by NASA.

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00:14:01,382 --> 00:14:04,176
ROBERT FRISBEE: There are a
wide variety of advanced

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00:14:04,260 --> 00:14:09,139
propulsion technologies that are
being actively developed

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00:14:09,224 --> 00:14:12,267
and studied by NASA and other
researchers.

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00:14:12,352 --> 00:14:15,270
A really exotic version
of that

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is to use a launch-assist
catapult,

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00:14:18,358 --> 00:14:23,570
use technology derived from the
magnetic levitation trains

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00:14:23,696 --> 00:14:26,240
to build a maglev sled

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00:14:26,282 --> 00:14:29,910
that carries your rocket,
gets it up to about Mach 1,

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00:14:29,994 --> 00:14:33,372
and then launches
the rocket from it.

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00:14:33,498 --> 00:14:37,042
NARRATOR: While these
futuristic propulsion systems

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00:14:37,168 --> 00:14:39,419
seem like something out of
science fiction,

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00:14:39,546 --> 00:14:43,590
ancient alien theorists believe
past civilizations

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00:14:43,716 --> 00:14:46,969
possessed these same advanced
technologies.

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00:14:48,638 --> 00:14:52,140
They point to a number of
cultural myths that describe

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00:14:52,225 --> 00:14:55,769
sky people coming to Earth in
fire-breathing dragons,

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00:14:55,853 --> 00:14:57,854
or metallic-looking machines

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00:14:57,981 --> 00:15:00,232
as proof of extraterrestrial
visitation.

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00:15:00,316 --> 00:15:04,361
DAVID CHILDRESS: In my mind,
legends and myths

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00:15:04,445 --> 00:15:06,321
are based on something real.

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00:15:06,364 --> 00:15:09,866
And while they've been
"mythified" and exaggerated

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00:15:09,993 --> 00:15:14,538
in many cases, in my mind, some
core of truth here in that

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00:15:14,622 --> 00:15:19,793
people really were flying in
airships in ancient times

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00:15:19,877 --> 00:15:21,587
just like we do today.

245
00:15:21,671 --> 00:15:24,381
NARRATOR: But might these
airships have reached

246
00:15:24,465 --> 00:15:29,428
Earth using the same type of
propulsion systems we use today?

247
00:15:29,554 --> 00:15:34,975
The answer may be found deep in
the Indian subcontinent.

248
00:15:35,059 --> 00:15:39,855
India-- over 1.1 billion people
crowd its modern cities

249
00:15:39,981 --> 00:15:43,358
and rural townships, speaking
hundreds of languages,

250
00:15:43,443 --> 00:15:46,778
and practicing a number of
different religions.

251
00:15:46,863 --> 00:15:51,074
India is considered one of the
oldest civilizations

252
00:15:51,200 --> 00:15:55,370
with settlements dating back
over 1 1,000 years.

253
00:15:55,371 --> 00:15:58,290
It is also home to several of
the oldest records

254
00:15:58,374 --> 00:16:00,334
of ancient technologies.

255
00:16:00,376 --> 00:16:05,339
Ancient Sanskrit texts, dating
back as far as 6000 BC,

256
00:16:05,381 --> 00:16:09,009
describe in varied but vivid
detail flying machines

257
00:16:09,093 --> 00:16:11,136
called "vimanas."

258
00:16:11,262 --> 00:16:16,475
EENBOOM: Vimanas are airplanes,
and they are powered

259
00:16:16,601 --> 00:16:19,227
by some jet engines.

260
00:16:19,312 --> 00:16:23,899
This seems to be true because
all the description

261
00:16:24,025 --> 00:16:29,404
of the flight behavior:
"elephants ran away in panic."

262
00:16:31,449 --> 00:16:34,409
Grass was thrown out
because there was

263
00:16:34,410 --> 00:16:38,413
a lot of pressure from behind
those vimanas.

264
00:16:38,456 --> 00:16:44,419
So that we can say this is a
description of the spaceship.

265
00:16:50,885 --> 00:16:52,761
NARRATOR: Although mainstream
historians believe

266
00:16:52,887 --> 00:16:56,723
the vimana texts are myths,
many of the documents contain

267
00:16:56,849 --> 00:17:01,061
passages that seem to describe
modern machinery and technology.

268
00:17:01,145 --> 00:17:03,313
CHILDRESS: The
Vymaanika-Shaastra goes into

269
00:17:03,398 --> 00:17:06,274
metals that are used
in these craft.

270
00:17:06,359 --> 00:17:10,320
It talks about electricity
and power sources.

271
00:17:10,405 --> 00:17:14,449
It talks about the pilots and
the clothing they have to wear.

272
00:17:14,450 --> 00:17:16,702
It talks about the food that
they eat.

273
00:17:16,786 --> 00:17:21,415
It talks even about the weapons
that are kept on these airships.

274
00:17:21,457 --> 00:17:24,501
EENBOOM: The flight menus of
the vimanas are quite similar

275
00:17:24,585 --> 00:17:27,379
to the flight menus you find

276
00:17:27,463 --> 00:17:29,965
in the modern passenger
flight business.

277
00:17:30,091 --> 00:17:34,010
Or when you go to the military
jet engines,

278
00:17:34,137 --> 00:17:36,304
of course,
they have also flight menus

279
00:17:36,389 --> 00:17:39,474
because it's necessary
for a pilot

280
00:17:39,475 --> 00:17:45,188
to get knowledge about his plane
he wanted to fly with.

281
00:17:47,358 --> 00:17:52,487
MICHAEL CREMO: We also
learned that these vimanas

282
00:17:52,572 --> 00:17:56,742
could be controlled mentally.

283
00:17:56,826 --> 00:17:58,702
And this is a technology

284
00:17:58,786 --> 00:18:04,166
that modern militaries are
beginning to develop.

285
00:18:04,250 --> 00:18:07,377
Even today, with as advanced as
we think we are

286
00:18:07,462 --> 00:18:09,504
almost every manifestation

287
00:18:09,505 --> 00:18:13,216
of an actual extraterrestrial
civilization today

288
00:18:13,342 --> 00:18:16,762
would look almost like magic to
us, where it has to do

289
00:18:16,846 --> 00:18:19,014
with technological
electromagnetic systems

290
00:18:19,140 --> 00:18:24,519
that interface with coherent
thought and organized thought.

291
00:18:24,562 --> 00:18:27,230
And this gets into... people go,
"Now, you're losing me here."

292
00:18:27,356 --> 00:18:29,441
But I tell people, I say,
"Yeah, well, you gotta push

293
00:18:29,525 --> 00:18:30,942
"your boundaries a little bit

294
00:18:31,027 --> 00:18:34,488
ifyou're talking about a true
interstellar civilization."

295
00:18:34,530 --> 00:18:36,823
NARRATOR: The
Vymaanika-Shaastra,

296
00:18:36,949 --> 00:18:40,619
or Science of Aeronautics,
indicates vimanas used

297
00:18:40,745 --> 00:18:43,538
a propulsion system
based on a combination

298
00:18:43,539 --> 00:18:46,666
of gyroscopes, electricity,
and mercury.

299
00:18:46,793 --> 00:18:48,877
Is this possible?

300
00:18:49,003 --> 00:18:51,546
CHILDRESS: Mercury is an
unusual element.

301
00:18:51,547 --> 00:18:54,007
Mercury is metal.

302
00:18:54,091 --> 00:19:01,097
It's also a liquid, and, uh,
is a conductor of electricity.

303
00:19:01,224 --> 00:19:04,559
You know, there's unusual things
you can do with mercury.

304
00:19:04,560 --> 00:19:11,107
You can put it into a closed
gyroscopic device

305
00:19:11,234 --> 00:19:14,820
with mercury spinning around,
and then you can electrify it.

306
00:19:14,904 --> 00:19:17,072
And studies have been done
on this

307
00:19:17,198 --> 00:19:18,657
by NASA and by other scientists.

308
00:19:18,783 --> 00:19:22,577
And they find that you have
levitation effects,

309
00:19:22,578 --> 00:19:24,579
antigravity kind of effects,

310
00:19:24,664 --> 00:19:28,500
and a spinning,
bright light is part of it, too.

311
00:19:28,584 --> 00:19:30,877
NARRATOR:
The Vymaanika-Shaastra suggests

312
00:19:31,003 --> 00:19:33,588
vimanas were powered
by several gyroscopes

313
00:19:33,589 --> 00:19:37,592
placed inside a
sealed liquid mercury vortex.

314
00:19:37,635 --> 00:19:39,594
FRISBEE:
Here's an example of

315
00:19:39,679 --> 00:19:41,847
a little kid's gyroscope.

316
00:19:41,931 --> 00:19:47,310
You spin it with a heavy wheel
around a central axis.

317
00:19:47,436 --> 00:19:50,230
Well, a gyroscope seems to do

318
00:19:50,314 --> 00:19:53,066
a lot of strange things,
even defy gravity.

319
00:19:53,150 --> 00:19:57,946
And it does this because it uses
what's called rotational,

320
00:19:58,072 --> 00:20:00,699
or angular, momentum.

321
00:20:02,869 --> 00:20:06,162
And it wants to keep a
particular orientation

322
00:20:06,289 --> 00:20:09,040
on its spin axis,
the center rod.

323
00:20:09,125 --> 00:20:13,253
If you push on that rod,
it will want to

324
00:20:13,337 --> 00:20:16,923
"righten" itself up to
its original orientation.

325
00:20:17,049 --> 00:20:20,093
It wants to keep that same
angular momentum.

326
00:20:20,177 --> 00:20:24,639
Gyroscopes are used
all over the place:

327
00:20:24,640 --> 00:20:28,894
in airplanes, in spacecraft,
in submarines.

328
00:20:28,978 --> 00:20:31,646
This allows them to determine
their position

329
00:20:31,647 --> 00:20:33,648
based on where they started.

330
00:20:33,649 --> 00:20:37,652
They can also use it for finding
their velocity or even just

331
00:20:37,653 --> 00:20:40,655
the orientation of the vehicle
in space.

332
00:20:40,656 --> 00:20:48,788
One of the texts talks about
mercury rotating and driving

333
00:20:48,915 --> 00:20:53,919
some sort of a powerful wind,
or a windmill effect.

334
00:20:54,003 --> 00:20:57,130
That might be some sort of what
we call

335
00:20:57,214 --> 00:20:59,799
a "flywheel energy
storage" where you have

336
00:20:59,926 --> 00:21:03,678
a spinning disc, and then you
extract energy from it slowly.

337
00:21:03,679 --> 00:21:05,347
That would be the mercury.

338
00:21:05,431 --> 00:21:09,768
And then that could be used to
drive some sort of a propeller,

339
00:21:09,894 --> 00:21:12,938
or what we'd call a ducted fan
sort of system,

340
00:21:13,022 --> 00:21:15,398
like you have in a hovercraft.

341
00:21:17,568 --> 00:21:19,986
Mercury would be quite good
for that,

342
00:21:20,112 --> 00:21:21,696
because it's a high density,

343
00:21:21,781 --> 00:21:24,908
so you'd have a small
package for your power plant,

344
00:21:24,992 --> 00:21:28,954
and that's always good when
you're building an aircraft.

345
00:21:29,038 --> 00:21:31,998
NARRATOR: Flywheel energy
storage systems, however,

346
00:21:32,124 --> 00:21:34,584
tend to lose power quickly.

347
00:21:34,669 --> 00:21:39,589
To navigate across space, its
size would have to be enormous.

348
00:21:39,674 --> 00:21:41,132
FRISBEE:
They're fine for use

349
00:21:41,217 --> 00:21:44,260
by power companies for
load-leveling.

350
00:21:44,387 --> 00:21:46,721
You put energy in when you
don't need it.

351
00:21:46,722 --> 00:21:48,598
You get energy out
when you need it.

352
00:21:48,683 --> 00:21:51,559
But they're setting on the
ground.

353
00:21:51,644 --> 00:21:54,270
To have something light enough
to actually fly,

354
00:21:54,397 --> 00:21:58,733
it's not at all clear that this
would be a practical device.

355
00:21:58,734 --> 00:22:03,613
Now, maybe the people were
trying to describe something

356
00:22:03,698 --> 00:22:06,074
that kind
of looked like this to them.

357
00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:07,742
It might not have actually been
mercury.

358
00:22:07,827 --> 00:22:10,495
It might have been some other
liquid metal.

359
00:22:10,621 --> 00:22:16,167
EENBOOM: The mercury vortex
engine is perhaps a failure

360
00:22:16,252 --> 00:22:23,174
in the translation, because
the vortex is not a material

361
00:22:23,259 --> 00:22:27,012
quite suitable to a jet engine.

362
00:22:27,096 --> 00:22:32,267
GREER: The issue of how are
these civilizations traveling

363
00:22:32,393 --> 00:22:36,062
faster than the speed of light
is a fundamental question.

364
00:22:36,188 --> 00:22:39,774
It's a scientific application of
things that have been studied

365
00:22:39,775 --> 00:22:42,485
for thousands of years and
they're within the Vadas--

366
00:22:42,611 --> 00:22:45,780
the ancient Vedic teachings or
other ancient teachings--

367
00:22:45,865 --> 00:22:48,408
and it is there.

368
00:22:49,785 --> 00:22:52,787
NARRATOR: But if vimanas
existed, could this prove

369
00:22:52,788 --> 00:22:54,998
there was a worldwide
transportation network

370
00:22:55,082 --> 00:22:58,793
thousands of years
before Columbus?

371
00:22:58,794 --> 00:23:04,799
The answer might be found on a
mountaintop outside Mexico City.

372
00:23:07,803 --> 00:23:09,804
In the 21st century,

373
00:23:09,805 --> 00:23:13,725
modern transportation
and communication methods

374
00:23:13,809 --> 00:23:16,311
have connected the world like
never before.

375
00:23:16,437 --> 00:23:20,106
Products or ideas, no matter
where in the world they may have

376
00:23:20,232 --> 00:23:23,818
originated, can spread to even
the most remote countries.

377
00:23:23,903 --> 00:23:28,448
A hip-hop hit in Brooklyn might
make it big in Tokyo

378
00:23:28,532 --> 00:23:31,034
before it's
even heard in Manhattan.

379
00:23:31,118 --> 00:23:34,537
This cultural interconnection
has transformed the globe,

380
00:23:34,663 --> 00:23:38,458
but is it new?

381
00:23:38,542 --> 00:23:42,837
Mainstream archaeologists
believe ancient civilizations

382
00:23:42,880 --> 00:23:46,841
such as those found in the
remote Pacific Islands, Asia,

383
00:23:46,842 --> 00:23:51,679
and South America developed
independently from each other.

384
00:23:51,764 --> 00:23:55,850
But ancient astronaut theorists
contend that similarities

385
00:23:55,851 --> 00:23:59,854
in building styles and beliefs
found in these cultures suggest

386
00:23:59,855 --> 00:24:01,815
that a worldwide trade route

387
00:24:01,857 --> 00:24:04,109
may have connected them
to each other.

388
00:24:10,616 --> 00:24:13,368
CHILDRESS: But just like we
have airports today

389
00:24:13,494 --> 00:24:17,622
around the world, in ancient
times with the vimanas,

390
00:24:17,748 --> 00:24:22,585
there would have been
hangars for the craft,

391
00:24:22,711 --> 00:24:24,921
airports for them to land.

392
00:24:25,005 --> 00:24:26,881
And those airports would have
been situated

393
00:24:26,966 --> 00:24:28,883
in strategic
places around the world.

394
00:24:28,884 --> 00:24:34,889
And that's exactly what we see
in remote places.

395
00:24:34,890 --> 00:24:36,891
NARRATOR: Could the complex
set of lines

396
00:24:36,892 --> 00:24:40,562
covering Peru's Nazca plain
or the mysterious plateau

397
00:24:40,646 --> 00:24:43,773
above Mexico's Oaxaca valley
be evidence

398
00:24:43,858 --> 00:24:48,236
of runways for a worldwide air
transportation system?

399
00:24:48,362 --> 00:24:50,905
One of the unusual
archaeological sites in Mexico

400
00:24:50,948 --> 00:24:52,907
is a place called Monte Albán.

401
00:24:52,992 --> 00:24:59,122
That is also a mountain where
the top of the mountain was

402
00:24:59,206 --> 00:25:02,000
completely cut off and leveled

403
00:25:02,126 --> 00:25:06,462
to make a very flat
tabletop mountain.

404
00:25:06,589 --> 00:25:09,632
And there's a megalithic city
there, too,

405
00:25:09,758 --> 00:25:11,968
that's extremely old.

406
00:25:15,806 --> 00:25:22,770
This was probably some kind of
vimana airport.

407
00:25:26,942 --> 00:25:30,695
EENBOOM: The vimanas could be
a kind of missing link

408
00:25:30,821 --> 00:25:33,990
between the single cultures in
the world,

409
00:25:34,074 --> 00:25:38,661
because they had just a very
short time to flow from one part

410
00:25:38,787 --> 00:25:41,581
of the world to the other.

411
00:25:44,835 --> 00:25:47,462
NARRATOR: Legends of air
travel are also found

412
00:25:47,588 --> 00:25:50,381
in ancient
Africa and the Middle East.

413
00:25:50,466 --> 00:25:54,802
According to The Kebra Nagast,
a holy book of the Ethiopians

414
00:25:54,887 --> 00:25:58,514
written sometime before the
second century AD,

415
00:25:58,641 --> 00:26:02,435
the queen of Sheba was once
given a gift of a flying carpet

416
00:26:02,519 --> 00:26:04,270
by King Solomon of Israel.

417
00:26:04,396 --> 00:26:06,189
TSOUKALOS:
The Kebra Nagast

418
00:26:06,273 --> 00:26:10,026
is one of the most important
texts you've never heard of.

419
00:26:10,110 --> 00:26:14,989
The Kebra Nagast means
The Book of Kings,

420
00:26:14,990 --> 00:26:21,871
and it is the most sacred book
of the Ethiopians.

421
00:26:21,956 --> 00:26:25,833
In it, King Solomon is
described--

422
00:26:25,918 --> 00:26:30,838
he had access to
some type of a flying machine.

423
00:26:30,923 --> 00:26:33,132
And in that part of the world,

424
00:26:33,259 --> 00:26:39,722
the term "flying carpet" was
always used very liberally.

425
00:26:39,848 --> 00:26:45,561
My question is, did they really
mean actual flying carpets

426
00:26:45,688 --> 00:26:50,024
or was it another term with
which to describe

427
00:26:50,025 --> 00:26:54,028
some type of a flying machine?

428
00:26:54,029 --> 00:26:57,490
CHILDRESS: This was the
original Chariots of the Gods

429
00:26:57,574 --> 00:27:00,368
that Erich von Daniken talked
about--

430
00:27:00,494 --> 00:27:07,792
the flying magic carpets
of the Arabian Nights stories.

431
00:27:07,918 --> 00:27:10,712
There are traditions in the
Middle East of King Solomon

432
00:27:10,796 --> 00:27:14,382
having this airship and flying
to different places

433
00:27:14,508 --> 00:27:16,384
in the Middle East,
certain mountains

434
00:27:16,510 --> 00:27:20,388
which are known as
the Mountains of Solomon.

435
00:27:20,514 --> 00:27:23,808
These may have been certain
airports

436
00:27:23,934 --> 00:27:28,396
or landing areas for
these vimanas.

437
00:27:28,522 --> 00:27:33,026
Nicholas Rourke, famous
Russian-American explorer

438
00:27:33,068 --> 00:27:39,073
who traveled all through central
Asia and Tibet in the 1920s,

439
00:27:39,116 --> 00:27:42,952
he, too, claimed that Tibetans
had traditions of King Solomon

440
00:27:43,037 --> 00:27:46,706
flying to Tibet
in this aircraft.

441
00:27:46,790 --> 00:27:50,209
NARRATOR: The Kebra Nagast
also describes how King Solomon

442
00:27:50,336 --> 00:27:55,006
used his flying airship to make
maps of the world.

443
00:27:55,090 --> 00:27:58,217
But could these have any
relation to other ancient maps

444
00:27:58,344 --> 00:28:02,096
some believe may have been made
by extraterrestrials?

445
00:28:02,097 --> 00:28:04,807
HANCOCK: Some of these maps
show the world

446
00:28:04,933 --> 00:28:09,020
not as it looks today, but as it
looked during the last ice age.

447
00:28:09,104 --> 00:28:11,147
And this is really hard to
explain.

448
00:28:11,231 --> 00:28:13,107
Everybody's heard of the Piri
Reis map,

449
00:28:13,192 --> 00:28:16,152
but they've perhaps not heard of
the Orontius Finnaeus map

450
00:28:16,236 --> 00:28:21,115
or-or the Mercator maps that
show Antarctica in great detail

451
00:28:21,116 --> 00:28:25,620
hundreds of years before
Antarctica was even discovered.

452
00:28:25,746 --> 00:28:27,789
NARRATOR: One of the most
referenced stories

453
00:28:27,873 --> 00:28:33,086
of ancient aircraft is found in
a surprising place: the Bible.

454
00:28:33,128 --> 00:28:36,547
In the Book of Ezekiel,
the prophet describes

455
00:28:36,632 --> 00:28:39,967
a flying chariot containing
wheels within wheels

456
00:28:40,052 --> 00:28:43,137
and powered by angels.

457
00:28:43,222 --> 00:28:45,598
Although Bible historians
suggest

458
00:28:45,682 --> 00:28:48,142
Ezekiel was speaking
symbolically

459
00:28:48,227 --> 00:28:51,145
about the terrifying enemies
facing Israel,

460
00:28:51,188 --> 00:28:55,108
could this be another
example of an alien visitation

461
00:28:55,150 --> 00:28:59,237
and proof that prehistoric
aircraft existed?

462
00:28:59,363 --> 00:29:03,157
In the story of Ezekiel's throne
chariot-- this flying vehicle

463
00:29:03,158 --> 00:29:06,035
that doesn't seem to have any
means of propulsion--

464
00:29:06,120 --> 00:29:09,455
if we thought of the word
"angel" as representing

465
00:29:09,581 --> 00:29:14,043
something like celestial energy,
it sounds much more like

466
00:29:14,128 --> 00:29:15,670
a spacecraft then, because
some of the angels

467
00:29:15,796 --> 00:29:17,171
are going back and forth.

468
00:29:17,172 --> 00:29:19,173
Well, that sounds like flames.

469
00:29:19,174 --> 00:29:21,259
That sounds like propulsion.

470
00:29:21,385 --> 00:29:22,844
Some of them are wheel-like.

471
00:29:22,928 --> 00:29:26,389
Well, those sound like flying
saucers.

472
00:29:28,475 --> 00:29:31,269
Our ancestors weren't idiots.

473
00:29:31,395 --> 00:29:35,690
Ezekiel saw something that was
so frightening to him

474
00:29:35,816 --> 00:29:38,067
that he fell to his knees.

475
00:29:38,152 --> 00:29:42,321
Then, out of the glory of God,
came this being

476
00:29:42,448 --> 00:29:46,701
in these bright clothes that
looked like metal,

477
00:29:46,827 --> 00:29:51,956
and told Ezekiel, "All
right, man, we brought you here.

478
00:29:52,082 --> 00:29:55,543
We want you to measure this
monument, this building."

479
00:29:55,669 --> 00:29:59,088
And Ezekiel asks, "Well, why
should I do this?"

480
00:29:59,173 --> 00:30:03,926
And the being says, "That's why
we brought you here."

481
00:30:04,052 --> 00:30:06,220
And then you have 40 pages,

482
00:30:06,221 --> 00:30:10,057
in the second part of the Book
of Ezekiel,

483
00:30:10,142 --> 00:30:11,517
with measurement
after measurement

484
00:30:11,643 --> 00:30:14,228
after measurement of this
gigantic building,

485
00:30:14,229 --> 00:30:19,066
in which, by the way,
the glory of the Lord landed.

486
00:30:23,989 --> 00:30:26,324
NARRATOR:
In the early 1970s,

487
00:30:26,450 --> 00:30:30,161
NASA scientist Josef
Blumrich set out to disprove

488
00:30:30,245 --> 00:30:34,373
the theory that what Ezekiel
witnessed was a spaceship.

489
00:30:34,500 --> 00:30:39,253
Josef Blumrich is your
proverbial rocket scientist.

490
00:30:39,254 --> 00:30:43,299
He worked on the moon project
for NASA

491
00:30:43,383 --> 00:30:47,094
and, from the mind of a
rocket engineer,

492
00:30:47,179 --> 00:30:50,264
started to look
at what was written

493
00:30:50,265 --> 00:30:52,808
in the first part
of the Book of Ezekiel.

494
00:30:52,935 --> 00:30:57,271
And after many months of
research, Josef Blumrich

495
00:30:57,272 --> 00:31:03,319
came to the conclusion that
what Ezekiel described

496
00:31:03,403 --> 00:31:10,785
in his eyewitness report, it was
indeed a type of spacecraft.

497
00:31:13,288 --> 00:31:14,622
NARRATOR:
Josef Blumrich

498
00:31:14,748 --> 00:31:17,959
would go on to write
The Spaceships of Ezekiel.

499
00:31:18,043 --> 00:31:19,794
Several years later,

500
00:31:19,920 --> 00:31:23,923
a German structural engineer
named Hans Herbert Beier

501
00:31:24,007 --> 00:31:26,551
sketched out a blueprint of the
second section

502
00:31:26,635 --> 00:31:29,720
of the Book of Ezekiel, where
Ezekiel is told to construct

503
00:31:29,805 --> 00:31:34,016
an open-topped building to house
the flying chariot.

504
00:31:34,142 --> 00:31:38,646
Ezekiel's spaceship fit exactly
into the temple

505
00:31:38,772 --> 00:31:42,608
that Hans Herbert Beier
recreated.

506
00:31:42,734 --> 00:31:46,445
So what we have here is a proof
by indication.

507
00:31:46,572 --> 00:31:52,076
Here we have a NASA engineer
and a structural engineer--

508
00:31:52,202 --> 00:31:54,620
they didn't know
of each other's work--

509
00:31:54,746 --> 00:31:58,332
and both pieces fit
together like a puzzle.

510
00:31:58,333 --> 00:32:04,880
In any court of law, that's
evidence that would hold up.

511
00:32:05,007 --> 00:32:07,800
HANCOCK: I think that
scientists feel uncomfortable

512
00:32:07,884 --> 00:32:10,386
with the notion of the lost
civilization,

513
00:32:10,470 --> 00:32:14,181
precisely because the evidence
for it is so ambiguous.

514
00:32:14,266 --> 00:32:17,226
It's not so in your face that
it's immediately obvious.

515
00:32:17,311 --> 00:32:19,353
Uh, and, you know, the result is

516
00:32:19,396 --> 00:32:22,690
that science has not welcomed
this idea.

517
00:32:22,816 --> 00:32:25,860
It'll take much more evidence
before it's widely accepted.

518
00:32:25,986 --> 00:32:30,448
TSOUKALOS: The god that I
believe in doesn't need

519
00:32:30,574 --> 00:32:34,869
a vehicle in which to move
around from point A to point B.

520
00:32:34,995 --> 00:32:40,875
Whatever was described in the
Old Testament wasn't God,

521
00:32:41,001 --> 00:32:45,463
it was a misunderstood
flesh-and-blood extraterrestrial

522
00:32:45,589 --> 00:32:49,216
whom our ancestors
misinterpreted

523
00:32:49,301 --> 00:32:52,637
as being divine and
supernatural.

524
00:32:52,721 --> 00:32:53,679
And why?

525
00:32:53,805 --> 00:32:56,307
Because of misunderstood
technology.

526
00:32:56,391 --> 00:33:01,395
And that is the underlying
thread that applies

527
00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:05,024
to all of
the ancient astronaut theory.

528
00:33:05,108 --> 00:33:08,944
NARRATOR: But while ancient
texts provide tantalizing clues

529
00:33:09,071 --> 00:33:11,364
to our past, physical evidence

530
00:33:11,406 --> 00:33:13,407
paints an even clearer picture.

531
00:33:13,492 --> 00:33:15,409
But will modern science

532
00:33:15,410 --> 00:33:18,746
finally prove the ancient
astronaut theory?

533
00:33:18,872 --> 00:33:20,539
FRISBEE:
Did the ancient

534
00:33:20,666 --> 00:33:25,419
civilizations of Earth have
access to advanced technology?

535
00:33:25,420 --> 00:33:29,715
Well, it seems like they had
something going on.

536
00:33:36,556 --> 00:33:39,433
NARRATOR: In today's largest
construction sites

537
00:33:39,434 --> 00:33:41,894
and quarries, huge mega-machines

538
00:33:41,978 --> 00:33:46,315
are used to dig, cut,
and lift stone.

539
00:33:46,400 --> 00:33:49,443
These man-made creatures dwarf
their creators

540
00:33:49,486 --> 00:33:51,987
and perform the work of
thousands of men

541
00:33:52,114 --> 00:33:55,449
using modern hydraulic
technologies.

542
00:33:55,450 --> 00:33:57,451
Without such equipment,

543
00:33:57,452 --> 00:34:02,373
builders could never construct
modern skyscrapers.

544
00:34:02,457 --> 00:34:06,168
Yet, thousands of years ago,
ancient civilizations were

545
00:34:06,294 --> 00:34:08,462
accomplishing the same work
while constructing

546
00:34:08,463 --> 00:34:13,467
their monuments and temples
using massive stones.

547
00:34:13,552 --> 00:34:17,012
These enormous blocks-- many
weighing in excess of

548
00:34:17,139 --> 00:34:21,934
100 tons-- would be a challenge
even for today's engineers.

549
00:34:22,018 --> 00:34:25,479
Yet thousands of years ago,
people cut them

550
00:34:25,480 --> 00:34:29,150
out of solid rock, transported
them for miles

551
00:34:29,234 --> 00:34:32,486
and then lifted them
precisely into place.

552
00:34:32,487 --> 00:34:35,531
But how?

553
00:34:35,615 --> 00:34:39,493
Did they cut these massive
stone blocks with hammers,

554
00:34:39,494 --> 00:34:41,495
chisels, and copper wire,

555
00:34:41,496 --> 00:34:44,457
as mainstream archeologists
suggest?

556
00:34:44,499 --> 00:34:46,751
Could they have lifted and
transported them

557
00:34:46,835 --> 00:34:49,503
without a pulley system
or the wheel?

558
00:34:49,546 --> 00:34:53,716
Or did ancient civilizations
possess advanced technologies

559
00:34:53,800 --> 00:34:56,969
that have since been lost to
science?

560
00:35:02,517 --> 00:35:05,436
BAUVAL: At Giza, you just
don't have the pyramids.

561
00:35:05,520 --> 00:35:07,521
Linked to the pyramids are what

562
00:35:07,564 --> 00:35:09,732
Egyptologists call valley
temples.

563
00:35:09,816 --> 00:35:12,234
It doesn't take a rocket
engineer that when

564
00:35:12,360 --> 00:35:14,570
you go there, there's something
not quite right here.

565
00:35:16,531 --> 00:35:17,823
Whereas the pyramids are built

566
00:35:17,949 --> 00:35:21,535
with blocks of
two to three tons,

567
00:35:21,536 --> 00:35:24,997
these temples, which are minute
compared to the pyramids,

568
00:35:25,081 --> 00:35:30,503
are built with blocks of 100
tons and some of them 200 tons.

569
00:35:30,545 --> 00:35:32,755
Let me tell you what a 100-ton
block is.

570
00:35:32,839 --> 00:35:33,881
If you take 100 family cars

571
00:35:34,007 --> 00:35:36,550
and you squeeze them together
you get one of these blocks.

572
00:35:36,551 --> 00:35:39,595
First of all, let alone how
they moved these blocks

573
00:35:39,679 --> 00:35:43,015
is why would they want to use
100-ton blocks?

574
00:35:43,099 --> 00:35:44,683
It simply doesn't make sense.

575
00:35:47,103 --> 00:35:49,563
There's no reason for them to
want to

576
00:35:49,648 --> 00:35:54,235
build out of granite blocks
the size of a semi truck.

577
00:35:54,319 --> 00:35:57,112
It's like, "Okay, let's do
something,

578
00:35:57,239 --> 00:36:00,825
but let's do it as difficult as
we could possibly do it."

579
00:36:00,909 --> 00:36:06,038
The reason why I am convinced
that sophisticated technology

580
00:36:06,122 --> 00:36:10,584
was utilized in
these ancient rocks is because,

581
00:36:10,585 --> 00:36:16,090
if we go to a stone quarry
today and look at the scope

582
00:36:16,216 --> 00:36:20,928
of machinery required to
accomplish similar things,

583
00:36:21,054 --> 00:36:24,515
those machines are huge.

584
00:36:26,685 --> 00:36:29,520
NARRATOR: Subscribers to
ancient alien theory

585
00:36:29,604 --> 00:36:33,607
do not believe extraterrestrials
built these amazing monuments,

586
00:36:33,650 --> 00:36:37,611
but instead provided some type
of technological know-how

587
00:36:37,654 --> 00:36:41,031
or tools to our ancestors.

588
00:36:41,116 --> 00:36:43,284
Engineering expert Chris Dunn
has spent several decades

589
00:36:43,368 --> 00:36:46,954
researching
the construction tools

590
00:36:47,080 --> 00:36:49,164
used by the ancient Egyptians.

591
00:36:49,291 --> 00:36:50,624
DUNN:
We're normally taught

592
00:36:50,625 --> 00:36:52,835
by Egyptologists,

593
00:36:52,919 --> 00:36:56,380
that the ancient Egyptians had
simple tools.

594
00:36:56,506 --> 00:37:00,384
They went to work every day
using stone balls,

595
00:37:00,510 --> 00:37:02,761
copper chisels or copper tube
and sand

596
00:37:02,888 --> 00:37:09,059
to grind holes in diorite and
granite, extremely hard rock.

597
00:37:09,144 --> 00:37:12,521
And what I have actually
gathered over the years

598
00:37:12,606 --> 00:37:15,274
is information that seems to
actually argue

599
00:37:15,358 --> 00:37:19,737
against that notion that they
had simple tools.

600
00:37:21,197 --> 00:37:23,741
NARRATOR: In Egypt,
Dunn was able

601
00:37:23,867 --> 00:37:27,953
to examine ancient
sites firsthand.

602
00:37:28,079 --> 00:37:29,872
What he found has proved to be

603
00:37:29,956 --> 00:37:34,335
both revolutionary
and controversial.

604
00:37:34,419 --> 00:37:38,088
DUNN: If you look at the Giza
Plateau and all the stones

605
00:37:38,173 --> 00:37:41,508
that they actually placed in the
Great Pyramid

606
00:37:41,593 --> 00:37:43,677
and the Khafre Pyramid
and Menkaura's Pyramid,

607
00:37:43,762 --> 00:37:45,679
two and a half million blocks
of stone

608
00:37:45,680 --> 00:37:47,348
in the Great Pyramid alone.

609
00:37:47,432 --> 00:37:51,143
They had to have had some
efficient means of cutting them

610
00:37:51,227 --> 00:37:53,145
to size and putting
them into place.

611
00:37:53,229 --> 00:37:56,190
They had to have had somebody on
site who is saying,

612
00:37:56,316 --> 00:37:59,610
"Okay, I need a block this
size," and then

613
00:37:59,694 --> 00:38:04,573
getting a block to them that
size stat, like immediately.

614
00:38:06,785 --> 00:38:10,245
NARRATOR: While searching
several miles north of Giza,

615
00:38:10,372 --> 00:38:13,540
at Abu Rawash, Dunn stumbled
upon a clue

616
00:38:13,625 --> 00:38:18,837
when he spotted a granite
block containing a deep cut.

617
00:38:18,964 --> 00:38:20,714
DUNN:
When I first saw it,

618
00:38:20,715 --> 00:38:22,925
I just didn't know what to make
of it.

619
00:38:23,009 --> 00:38:27,721
And it was only after puzzling
over it for days, and sometimes

620
00:38:27,764 --> 00:38:30,557
waking up at 3:00 in the
morning scratching my head

621
00:38:30,642 --> 00:38:33,227
and thinking, well, how did they
make this cut?

622
00:38:33,353 --> 00:38:37,940
And finally, to realize that the
only way that they could have

623
00:38:38,024 --> 00:38:40,275
actually cut that thing was with

624
00:38:40,402 --> 00:38:43,237
a saw that was 35 feet in
diameter.

625
00:38:46,449 --> 00:38:48,158
NARRATOR: The idea that
ancient Egyptians used

626
00:38:48,243 --> 00:38:51,078
giant saws provoked much
resistance

627
00:38:51,204 --> 00:38:53,414
from mainstream archeologists.

628
00:38:53,498 --> 00:38:55,708
Dunn however, was convinced.

629
00:38:55,750 --> 00:38:58,752
DUNN: As an ex-machinist I
look for tool marks.

630
00:38:58,753 --> 00:39:01,005
I look for them everywhere I go.

631
00:39:01,089 --> 00:39:03,757
And I could be accused of, well,
you know, if you’re going to

632
00:39:03,758 --> 00:39:05,759
look for something, you're
probably going to find it

633
00:39:05,802 --> 00:39:08,053
because you're looking at it
through a certain filter.

634
00:39:08,179 --> 00:39:10,389
Accepted, I agree.

635
00:39:10,473 --> 00:39:13,809
But the question is,
why is it there?

636
00:39:15,770 --> 00:39:17,855
Clearly, to me,
that is a machine mark.

637
00:39:17,981 --> 00:39:19,773
But there were no machines
back then.

638
00:39:19,816 --> 00:39:21,984
So what do I do?

639
00:39:22,068 --> 00:39:23,861
I just go looking for more
machine marks.

640
00:39:23,987 --> 00:39:27,448
And they're all over the place.

641
00:39:27,532 --> 00:39:28,699
You find them on statues.

642
00:39:28,783 --> 00:39:32,786
You'll find them particularly in
the Luxor Museum.

643
00:39:32,787 --> 00:39:38,792
There seems to be an impression
on the side of Amon's buttock

644
00:39:38,793 --> 00:39:42,504
where it meets the bench,
where there is an undercut.

645
00:39:42,630 --> 00:39:44,339
It was the slip of a tool.

646
00:39:44,466 --> 00:39:49,511
And therefore, it must have been
a tool that was quite efficient.

647
00:39:49,637 --> 00:39:52,556
NARRATOR: Dunn also believes
that the large depressions

648
00:39:52,682 --> 00:39:55,893
in the ground at Giza are not
boat pits as is claimed

649
00:39:56,019 --> 00:39:58,812
by mainstream archeologists,

650
00:39:58,813 --> 00:40:02,232
but were actually
used to hold the 35-foot saws.

651
00:40:02,317 --> 00:40:05,110
I speculate that they
were actually saw pits,

652
00:40:05,236 --> 00:40:08,822
the saws were mounted
in these pits,

653
00:40:08,823 --> 00:40:11,742
and that they ran the
blocks through the saws

654
00:40:11,826 --> 00:40:15,120
before they put them in the
Great Pyramid.

655
00:40:15,246 --> 00:40:18,165
NARRATOR: Another mystery
involves how mega-stones were

656
00:40:18,291 --> 00:40:22,336
lifted up and placed into a
precise position.

657
00:40:22,462 --> 00:40:23,921
What you find in modern
construction

658
00:40:24,047 --> 00:40:26,507
is that to build big buildings,

659
00:40:26,591 --> 00:40:28,383
you need to
build big instruments which help

660
00:40:28,510 --> 00:40:30,260
build these big buildings.

661
00:40:30,345 --> 00:40:34,473
And that is something which
archeology has never addressed.

662
00:40:34,557 --> 00:40:37,851
NARRATOR: The three largest
man-made stones in the world are

663
00:40:37,894 --> 00:40:41,730
found at the Temple of Jupiter
at Baalbek in Lebanon.

664
00:40:41,815 --> 00:40:47,861
Each weighs an estimated 1,000
tons-- or two million pounds.

665
00:40:47,862 --> 00:40:51,740
A nearby quarry contains an even
bigger stone,

666
00:40:51,825 --> 00:40:54,368
known as the Stone
of the Pregnant Woman.

667
00:40:54,494 --> 00:41:00,916
This giant rectangular block
weighs an incredible 1,200 tons.

668
00:41:01,000 --> 00:41:03,418
To move it today would take

669
00:41:03,545 --> 00:41:06,880
the strength of 21 heavy-lift
cranes.

670
00:41:09,634 --> 00:41:12,511
PETER PALUTIKOF: Being in
the construction industry,

671
00:41:12,595 --> 00:41:16,140
if a certain project is being
constructed somewhere,

672
00:41:16,224 --> 00:41:21,895
particularly in mountainous
areas, how would we carry

673
00:41:21,896 --> 00:41:25,190
this machinery, these cranes,
and all that?

674
00:41:25,316 --> 00:41:26,984
They are so heavy that it's

675
00:41:27,110 --> 00:41:31,446
virtually impossible to take
them to the site.

676
00:41:31,573 --> 00:41:34,908
ROGER HOPKINS: This stone
came off of a...

677
00:41:34,909 --> 00:41:39,204
a project in Palm Springs,
where they had one of

678
00:41:39,330 --> 00:41:41,915
the largest excavators they
could rent.

679
00:41:41,916 --> 00:41:45,627
They had trouble loading it into
the truck.

680
00:41:45,753 --> 00:41:49,923
It's well in excess of five
tons-- 10,000 pounds--

681
00:41:49,966 --> 00:41:55,929
small in megalithic terms,
but basically what we can handle

682
00:41:55,972 --> 00:41:59,433
with modern machinery.

683
00:41:59,559 --> 00:42:02,895
We're supposed to
accept that the people who built

684
00:42:02,937 --> 00:42:07,649
the pyramids did not have the
wheel, did not have the pulley,

685
00:42:07,775 --> 00:42:09,067
did not have iron.

686
00:42:09,194 --> 00:42:13,947
In fact, they had nothing but
brutal manpower

687
00:42:13,948 --> 00:42:15,949
and pieces of strings.

688
00:42:15,992 --> 00:42:19,953
The context does not fit
the evidence.

689
00:42:19,954 --> 00:42:24,082
HOPKINS: I've done pulling
operations in upper Egypt.

690
00:42:24,209 --> 00:42:27,794
Thousands of people involved in
the various stages of

691
00:42:27,879 --> 00:42:32,299
the project, moving very fragile
pieces of stone that weigh

692
00:42:32,425 --> 00:42:35,802
hundreds, if not thousands,
of tons.

693
00:42:35,887 --> 00:42:40,265
Yes, you can use ropes, but
you're going to have to use

694
00:42:40,391 --> 00:42:43,977
other mechanical advantages.

695
00:42:45,605 --> 00:42:48,106
NARRATOR: But if ancient
civilizations did not possess

696
00:42:48,233 --> 00:42:50,692
modern mechanical equipment,

697
00:42:50,818 --> 00:42:54,613
how did they move and lift
mega-ton stones?

698
00:42:54,697 --> 00:42:57,950
Some believe they were given a
technical advantage from

699
00:42:57,992 --> 00:43:00,244
extraterrestrial visitors.

700
00:43:00,328 --> 00:43:03,872
You've got to ask
yourself, why would they try

701
00:43:03,957 --> 00:43:07,709
and do something that seems so
incredibly difficult?

702
00:43:07,835 --> 00:43:13,757
The answer to why they would do
that has to be that it somehow

703
00:43:13,883 --> 00:43:16,134
wasn't so difficult for them.

704
00:43:16,261 --> 00:43:18,762
It was easy.

705
00:43:20,223 --> 00:43:21,765
TSOUKALOS:
There exists

706
00:43:21,891 --> 00:43:29,022
one very concise description of
how these massive stones were

707
00:43:29,023 --> 00:43:33,568
transported from the quarry to
the building site.

708
00:43:33,695 --> 00:43:38,115
The master builders had the
capability of putting some type

709
00:43:38,241 --> 00:43:42,035
of a white substance--
paper-like substance--

710
00:43:42,078 --> 00:43:45,497
onto the stones
and they rode on it,

711
00:43:45,581 --> 00:43:50,043
and then they basically gave
the stone block a push,

712
00:43:50,044 --> 00:43:54,089
and it moved
by six feet as if by magic.

713
00:43:54,173 --> 00:43:58,051
Now, did that thing really move
by magic?

714
00:43:58,136 --> 00:44:03,140
No, some technology was used.

715
00:44:03,266 --> 00:44:05,350
CHILDRESS: That is part of
the solution.

716
00:44:05,476 --> 00:44:09,604
In order to really move massive
amounts of stone like that,

717
00:44:09,731 --> 00:44:13,525
they would have had to have been
levitated--

718
00:44:13,609 --> 00:44:17,070
somehow made weightless--
and then just moved

719
00:44:17,071 --> 00:44:20,907
through the air by some kind of
device, perhaps even

720
00:44:20,992 --> 00:44:25,954
a handheld kind of device,
like some beam weapon.

721
00:44:29,083 --> 00:44:32,127
NARRATOR: Ancient man's
method of moving large blocks

722
00:44:32,211 --> 00:44:34,087
is only one mystery.

723
00:44:34,088 --> 00:44:37,758
Another surrounds the techniques
of their stonemasons.

724
00:44:37,842 --> 00:44:40,635
How did prehistoric
civilizations cut

725
00:44:40,762 --> 00:44:44,848
such intricately-designed
patterns in solid granite?

726
00:44:56,110 --> 00:44:58,570
NARRATOR:
Palm Springs, California.

727
00:44:58,654 --> 00:45:03,367
Master stonemason and sculptor
Roger Hopkins uses a variety

728
00:45:03,451 --> 00:45:09,122
of advanced tools to cut and
shape hard stones.

729
00:45:09,207 --> 00:45:12,959
Powered implements such as
diamond-tipped wires

730
00:45:13,044 --> 00:45:16,129
and polishers enable him to
fashion works of art

731
00:45:16,130 --> 00:45:20,425
out of huge granite blocks
obtained from nearby quarries.

732
00:45:23,971 --> 00:45:26,473
Yet even with
these high-tech tools,

733
00:45:26,599 --> 00:45:29,851
Hopkins cannot replicate
what ancient civilizations

734
00:45:29,977 --> 00:45:33,438
accomplished
thousands of years ago.

735
00:45:35,858 --> 00:45:39,277
Could these advanced engineering
methods be the smoking gun

736
00:45:39,404 --> 00:45:45,200
that proves humans had help from
alien beings?

737
00:45:45,284 --> 00:45:48,620
HOPKINS: The precision on
some of the work that I've seen

738
00:45:48,704 --> 00:45:50,247
is just incredible.

739
00:45:50,373 --> 00:45:53,166
It's possible to do by hand,

740
00:45:53,167 --> 00:45:58,004
but it would take an incredible
amount of time.

741
00:45:58,089 --> 00:46:01,174
Plus, you have to have years of
experience

742
00:46:01,175 --> 00:46:03,176
to be able to pull it off.

743
00:46:03,177 --> 00:46:05,804
TSOUKALOS: In my opinion,
the most tangible

744
00:46:05,888 --> 00:46:07,389
pieces of evidence that we have

745
00:46:07,473 --> 00:46:11,685
regarding possible
extraterrestrial technology

746
00:46:11,811 --> 00:46:17,190
is when we look at the ancient
stone-cutting techniques.

747
00:46:17,191 --> 00:46:20,402
Because in some instances,

748
00:46:20,486 --> 00:46:25,615
we ourselves today could not
replicate what our ancestors

749
00:46:25,700 --> 00:46:29,703
allegedly accomplished with
stonemasonry.

750
00:46:36,919 --> 00:46:40,172
NARRATOR: Puma Punku is a
large temple complex

751
00:46:40,214 --> 00:46:43,133
located on
a high plateau in Bolivia.

752
00:46:47,096 --> 00:46:49,723
Mainstream archeologists

753
00:46:49,849 --> 00:46:54,227
date the site from approximately
200 BC.

754
00:46:54,312 --> 00:46:57,647
The people who lived here had
neither a written language

755
00:46:57,732 --> 00:47:00,734
nor the wheel, yet somehow
they built

756
00:47:00,860 --> 00:47:04,237
one of the world's most
complex structures.

757
00:47:06,866 --> 00:47:10,243
Ancient alien theorists view
Puma Punku

758
00:47:10,286 --> 00:47:15,665
as clear proof of
extraterrestrial influence.

759
00:47:15,750 --> 00:47:18,919
TSOUKALOS: The ruins we find
at Puma Punku

760
00:47:19,003 --> 00:47:22,005
are simply extraordinary.

761
00:47:22,131 --> 00:47:24,549
Puma Punku defies logic.

762
00:47:30,264 --> 00:47:33,099
COPPENS: The interest of Puma
Punku is not so much

763
00:47:33,184 --> 00:47:36,269
that the individual stones
sorted together perfectly,

764
00:47:36,354 --> 00:47:38,480
but the fact that the stones,
as such, are of

765
00:47:38,564 --> 00:47:42,275
such tremendous design that it
requires concepts of mathematics

766
00:47:42,276 --> 00:47:45,904
which are far beyond anything we
are actually using right now.

767
00:47:45,988 --> 00:47:49,282
Yet somehow in the past,
somebody has made that

768
00:47:49,283 --> 00:47:53,286
for a specific purpose, and in a
way which even computer programs

769
00:47:53,371 --> 00:47:57,207
today would kind of go,
"How is this possible?"

770
00:48:05,216 --> 00:48:08,260
TSOUKALOS: In the highlands
of Bolivia, Puma Punku--

771
00:48:08,302 --> 00:48:14,015
some of these blocks are over 40
to 50 tons each.

772
00:48:14,141 --> 00:48:16,309
What can you tell us about this?

773
00:48:16,394 --> 00:48:22,023
HOPKINS: Boy, they... they had
their stone-cutting abilities

774
00:48:22,149 --> 00:48:24,818
you know, pretty well fine-tuned
for 5,000 years old.

775
00:48:24,944 --> 00:48:28,321
I mean, it's almost
unbelievable.

776
00:48:28,364 --> 00:48:31,074
But these cutting planes
that they

777
00:48:31,200 --> 00:48:33,326
have on here are very
impressive.

778
00:48:33,369 --> 00:48:37,205
And some of the incise cuts--

779
00:48:37,290 --> 00:48:41,334
see, like in here, all these
interior cuts--

780
00:48:41,419 --> 00:48:42,669
very hard to do.

781
00:48:42,795 --> 00:48:45,880
I mean, it would be difficult
for us with our equipment

782
00:48:46,007 --> 00:48:48,091
to get that kind of precision.

783
00:48:52,346 --> 00:48:55,348
TSOUKALOS: Let's talk a
little bit about inside boxes.

784
00:48:55,349 --> 00:48:59,477
Ew, I was afraid you were gonna
pull something like this on me.

785
00:48:59,604 --> 00:49:02,564
That is a hell
of a piece of work.

786
00:49:02,648 --> 00:49:06,985
I mean, if we were to do
something like that today,

787
00:49:07,069 --> 00:49:11,656
we'd use-- what they have, these
computer-driven CNC machines

788
00:49:11,782 --> 00:49:14,367
which are... have diamond tips.

789
00:49:14,410 --> 00:49:18,038
And you have a template that,
you know, the computer follows.

790
00:49:18,122 --> 00:49:22,375
And even then, it may not come
out as perfect.

791
00:49:22,460 --> 00:49:24,210
TSOUKALOS: Because even
though you can tell

792
00:49:24,295 --> 00:49:26,379
-that obviously this piece broke
off... -Mm-hmm.

793
00:49:26,380 --> 00:49:29,841
Nowhere in here
can you see any imperfection.

794
00:49:29,925 --> 00:49:33,887
It's like... And by the way,
when you're there, if you go

795
00:49:34,013 --> 00:49:37,390
with your finger over these
edges, and you put a little

796
00:49:37,391 --> 00:49:40,352
pressure on your fingertip,
you can cut yourself.

797
00:49:40,394 --> 00:49:43,396
This is how sharp the edges are.

798
00:49:47,485 --> 00:49:50,403
NARRATOR: But where could the
ancient peoples have developed

799
00:49:50,404 --> 00:49:52,155
such technology?

800
00:49:52,281 --> 00:49:56,034
Is it really possible that
extraterrestrial visitors

801
00:49:56,118 --> 00:49:59,621
provided different construction
methods and tools?

802
00:49:59,705 --> 00:50:02,415
When I saw these blocks,

803
00:50:02,500 --> 00:50:06,086
I didn't really think
that they were cut.

804
00:50:06,170 --> 00:50:11,424
The first thing really that I
thought of was this appears very

805
00:50:11,425 --> 00:50:14,719
similar to Frank Lloyd Wright's
textile block system

806
00:50:14,845 --> 00:50:18,098
of construction, which he used
in his California houses

807
00:50:18,182 --> 00:50:21,518
in the early 1920s.

808
00:50:21,644 --> 00:50:28,483
Now what he did was-- he took
concrete, poured it into molds.

809
00:50:28,567 --> 00:50:30,777
TSOUKALOS:
There actually are

810
00:50:30,903 --> 00:50:36,449
ancient Incan legends that
suggest that they had

811
00:50:36,450 --> 00:50:40,912
the capability
of softening the stone.

812
00:50:40,996 --> 00:50:43,957
At Sacsayhuaman, for example,

813
00:50:44,083 --> 00:50:48,211
we find these gigantic stone
blocks, gigantic stone walls,

814
00:50:48,337 --> 00:50:52,882
where it looks as if those
stones were molten,

815
00:50:52,967 --> 00:50:57,721
put into place, and then the
stone hardened again.

816
00:51:03,477 --> 00:51:07,397
NARRATOR: Several hundred
miles north of Puma Punku,

817
00:51:07,481 --> 00:51:11,693
Machu Picchu sits high atop the
Peruvian Andes.

818
00:51:11,777 --> 00:51:16,489
Built by the Incas in the 15th
century, this stone citadel was

819
00:51:16,490 --> 00:51:20,702
suddenly abandoned about 100
years later.

820
00:51:20,786 --> 00:51:24,581
Like Puma Punku, Machu Picchu
also has signs

821
00:51:24,707 --> 00:51:31,171
of advanced engineering
and possibly, molded stones.

822
00:51:31,255 --> 00:51:36,509
DUNN: I can't help but think
that whoever was behind this

823
00:51:36,510 --> 00:51:38,636
thought the process through
from beginning to end.

824
00:51:38,763 --> 00:51:40,513
They didn't quarry the rock,
and then decide,

825
00:51:40,514 --> 00:51:43,016
"How the heck are
we gonna transport this?"

826
00:51:43,142 --> 00:51:47,520
They knew from beginning to end
what needed to be done

827
00:51:47,521 --> 00:51:49,731
with whatever techniques
and technology

828
00:51:49,815 --> 00:51:54,944
they were going to use, so that
this was no big deal.

829
00:51:55,029 --> 00:51:58,573
In industry today, there's a
kind of an adage:

830
00:51:58,657 --> 00:52:00,658
"Keep it simple, stupid."

831
00:52:00,785 --> 00:52:04,537
NARRATOR: Based on his
experience, Mike Dunn believes

832
00:52:04,538 --> 00:52:07,791
the simplest way to build the
great walls of Machu Picchu

833
00:52:07,875 --> 00:52:11,419
would have been to transport
small rocks to the site,

834
00:52:11,504 --> 00:52:13,171
then melt them, and use molds

835
00:52:13,255 --> 00:52:18,426
to fashion the exact size
and shape needed.

836
00:52:18,511 --> 00:52:20,261
DUNN:
That would solve a lot

837
00:52:20,387 --> 00:52:23,181
of difficulties of constructing
this wall.

838
00:52:23,265 --> 00:52:29,020
First, you have your shapes, all
the same size, each shape.

839
00:52:29,104 --> 00:52:32,649
So you're guaranteed that they
would fit together,

840
00:52:32,775 --> 00:52:37,779
as opposed to
being cut by different artisans.

841
00:52:37,863 --> 00:52:39,614
HOPKINS:
Melting the rocks,

842
00:52:39,698 --> 00:52:43,576
and then pouring them into place
would take an incredible amount

843
00:52:43,577 --> 00:52:48,581
of heat just to spoil off pieces
of stone.

844
00:52:48,582 --> 00:52:54,587
I have a stone torch which I use
for sometimes shaping granite.

845
00:52:54,672 --> 00:52:58,091
And, I mean, it generates a
temperature

846
00:52:58,217 --> 00:53:01,928
of in excess of 3,000 degrees.

847
00:53:02,054 --> 00:53:06,307
3,000 degrees... that's a lot.

848
00:53:07,726 --> 00:53:11,104
DUNN: When we look back at
the ancients, and we see

849
00:53:11,230 --> 00:53:16,860
a technology that they couldn't
possibly know,

850
00:53:16,944 --> 00:53:19,487
there's only two possibilities
then: either God did it--

851
00:53:19,572 --> 00:53:23,074
which we really
don't think happened--

852
00:53:23,158 --> 00:53:27,829
or some high-tech civilization
from another planet came

853
00:53:27,913 --> 00:53:30,623
and showed them how to do it,
then took their materials

854
00:53:30,624 --> 00:53:33,042
and tools and went back home.

855
00:53:35,629 --> 00:53:39,132
The idea behind that is that
none of these ancient monuments

856
00:53:39,258 --> 00:53:43,052
were constructed or manufactured
by extraterrestrials.

857
00:53:43,137 --> 00:53:45,555
It was us humans who built it

858
00:53:45,639 --> 00:53:49,934
with extraterrestrial
technology.

859
00:53:50,060 --> 00:53:53,646
HOPKINS: It's entirely possible
that there were visitations,

860
00:53:53,731 --> 00:53:56,065
that they pointed
out ways to do things,

861
00:53:56,150 --> 00:53:58,651
and that they wanted to leave
some kind of a record.

862
00:53:58,652 --> 00:54:02,405
I mean, if you’re gonna leave a
permanent record, the only way

863
00:54:02,531 --> 00:54:05,783
you can do that is in stone.

864
00:54:05,910 --> 00:54:08,745
NARRATOR: But if advanced
beings from another planet

865
00:54:08,871 --> 00:54:11,664
really did bring their
technology to Earth,

866
00:54:11,665 --> 00:54:13,666
might the ancient astronauts

867
00:54:13,667 --> 00:54:17,003
have left one of their tools
behind?

868
00:54:23,302 --> 00:54:25,678
NARRATOR:
The methods used

869
00:54:25,679 --> 00:54:29,390
to build huge megalithic
structures such as Puma Punku

870
00:54:29,516 --> 00:54:32,977
and the pyramids of Egypt remain
a mystery.

871
00:54:36,607 --> 00:54:39,692
But what about the tools used to
build them?

872
00:54:39,693 --> 00:54:41,694
Where are they?

873
00:54:41,695 --> 00:54:43,655
And might they provide a clue

874
00:54:43,697 --> 00:54:47,408
as to how these enormous stone
structures were created?

875
00:54:50,704 --> 00:54:54,123
HOPKINS: A lot of the real
ancient mysterious work

876
00:54:54,208 --> 00:54:57,335
was done at a time when there
was no steel,

877
00:54:57,419 --> 00:55:01,714
and the copper they had
was, yeah, they could harden it

878
00:55:01,715 --> 00:55:04,592
by cold-hammering it, but still,

879
00:55:04,677 --> 00:55:08,846
it wouldn't make a dent in rocks
like basalt and granite.

880
00:55:10,724 --> 00:55:15,144
So they would have had to use,
you know, much more laborious

881
00:55:15,229 --> 00:55:19,190
techniques, or they had some
sort of advanced technology

882
00:55:19,274 --> 00:55:24,362
which escapes me, and I've been
in the business 40 years.

883
00:55:28,742 --> 00:55:30,743
DUNN: The tools and machines
must have been

884
00:55:30,828 --> 00:55:35,748
equal to the task of actually
building the pyramids...

885
00:55:35,749 --> 00:55:40,837
Crafting those statues to such a
high order of precision...

886
00:55:40,963 --> 00:55:43,756
Crafting those boxes to a
modern-day precision

887
00:55:43,841 --> 00:55:48,177
that we
find in our inspection lab.

888
00:55:48,262 --> 00:55:51,472
And the big question:
Where are the tools?

889
00:56:03,027 --> 00:56:05,319
NARRATOR:
In the late 19th century,

890
00:56:05,446 --> 00:56:08,656
British archaeologist
Sir Flinders Petrie

891
00:56:08,741 --> 00:56:11,993
scoured Egypt, looking not for
the biggest items,

892
00:56:12,077 --> 00:56:14,620
but the smallest.

893
00:56:17,499 --> 00:56:19,792
Petrie was absolutely fascinated

894
00:56:19,793 --> 00:56:22,920
by the technical achievements of
the Egyptians,

895
00:56:23,047 --> 00:56:25,798
particularly the
early Egyptians.

896
00:56:25,799 --> 00:56:29,302
He constantly was looking for
how they made things,

897
00:56:29,428 --> 00:56:31,929
how they developed things,
how they continued

898
00:56:32,056 --> 00:56:34,807
to sort of basically perfect
their tools.

899
00:56:34,808 --> 00:56:37,935
DUNN: We're normally taught
that the ancient Egyptians

900
00:56:38,062 --> 00:56:42,815
had simple tools, and what
Petrie brought out is

901
00:56:42,816 --> 00:56:45,526
information that seems to
actually argue

902
00:56:45,652 --> 00:56:47,445
against that notion.

903
00:56:53,827 --> 00:56:57,497
CHALLIS: This is an example
of a drill hole.

904
00:56:57,581 --> 00:56:59,248
You can see
the very fine lines on it.

905
00:56:59,333 --> 00:57:02,251
You can see the technology
that's made to use it.

906
00:57:02,336 --> 00:57:04,837
Um, you can see how
it's a perfect hole

907
00:57:04,922 --> 00:57:07,840
almost all the way through,
but it tapers at one end.

908
00:57:07,841 --> 00:57:09,884
This is a fragment
of a diorite bowl.

909
00:57:09,968 --> 00:57:12,845
It's one of the hardest
substances, and you can see

910
00:57:12,846 --> 00:57:16,557
on this, on this fragment that
there's a, a lathe mark,

911
00:57:16,683 --> 00:57:18,726
which is really interesting that
they managed

912
00:57:18,811 --> 00:57:21,604
to make such a mark in such a
hard material.

913
00:57:23,857 --> 00:57:27,318
NARRATOR: Among all the tools
discovered by Petrie, however,

914
00:57:27,402 --> 00:57:30,863
one stood out from all the rest.

915
00:57:30,864 --> 00:57:35,284
While working inside the Great
Pyramid, Petrie stumbled across

916
00:57:35,369 --> 00:57:38,329
a tubular drill made of granite.

917
00:57:40,415 --> 00:57:43,209
CHALLIS: Tubular drills amongst
the ancient Egyptians were

918
00:57:43,335 --> 00:57:44,418
actually fairly common.

919
00:57:44,545 --> 00:57:46,796
I mean, Petrie found
quite a few of them.

920
00:57:46,880 --> 00:57:50,758
Um, the interesting thing about
the one that he found in Giza is

921
00:57:50,843 --> 00:57:54,137
that it's such hard stone that
was so carefully carved,

922
00:57:54,221 --> 00:57:56,097
precisely grooved.

923
00:57:56,181 --> 00:58:00,434
As you can see, it's got very,
very fine markings on it,

924
00:58:00,561 --> 00:58:04,605
basically lines, literally a
couple of millimeters apart.

925
00:58:04,731 --> 00:58:09,902
You can see it goes all the way
round very, very accurately,

926
00:58:09,945 --> 00:58:12,113
hardly any waves at all.

927
00:58:12,197 --> 00:58:14,240
He was absolutely
amazed by this.

928
00:58:14,366 --> 00:58:17,910
He kept returning to it
throughout his life.

929
00:58:17,953 --> 00:58:22,665
His theory was that the
Egyptians must have had access

930
00:58:22,791 --> 00:58:26,210
to diamonds or some kind of
jewel that would have cut it.

931
00:58:26,336 --> 00:58:31,132
The interesting thing about
Petrie's theory about how these

932
00:58:31,216 --> 00:58:33,926
drill lines are made was that he
never discovered any diamonds

933
00:58:33,927 --> 00:58:35,469
in ancient Egypt.

934
00:58:37,139 --> 00:58:39,932
So where were they?
Where did they go?

935
00:58:39,975 --> 00:58:41,350
We don't know.

936
00:58:43,061 --> 00:58:45,229
NARRATOR: If the ancient
Egyptians didn't

937
00:58:45,355 --> 00:58:48,691
possess diamonds, how were
the precision grooves

938
00:58:48,817 --> 00:58:50,902
cut onto the granite drill?

939
00:58:50,944 --> 00:58:53,946
Did Petrie accidentally discover
a tool

940
00:58:54,031 --> 00:58:56,991
made by extraterrestrials?

941
00:58:57,075 --> 00:58:59,410
Machinist expert Chris Dunn
attempted

942
00:58:59,494 --> 00:59:03,164
to answer this question by
creating his own granite drill,

943
00:59:03,248 --> 00:59:06,042
using the known tools
and techniques

944
00:59:06,168 --> 00:59:08,669
of the ancient Egyptians.

945
00:59:10,422 --> 00:59:14,634
In order to test the
Egyptologist theory about how

946
00:59:14,718 --> 00:59:18,971
the ancient Egyptians drilled
into granite, I took a tube

947
00:59:19,056 --> 00:59:24,810
and I fixed a crank on it,
and actually used sand

948
00:59:24,895 --> 00:59:28,522
and silicon carbide, and after
many hours of turning

949
00:59:28,649 --> 00:59:31,317
and drilling into this
piece of granite,

950
00:59:31,443 --> 00:59:35,321
finally got deep enough that I
could actually pop a core out.

951
00:59:35,447 --> 00:59:38,991
And the reason for that was to
actually look at the surface,

952
00:59:39,076 --> 00:59:41,953
not just of the whole,
but of the core.

953
00:59:42,996 --> 00:59:44,455
NARRATOR: The next step
was to use

954
00:59:44,539 --> 00:59:48,292
a high-tech industrial
microscope to compare

955
00:59:48,418 --> 00:59:52,880
his drill core to a latex copy
of the one at the Petrie Museum.

956
00:59:52,965 --> 00:59:56,008
We have under the microscope
a... the core

957
00:59:56,009 --> 00:59:58,719
that we drilled with the copper
tube and sand.

958
00:59:58,845 --> 01:00:02,473
And as you can see,
the surface of the core,

959
01:00:02,557 --> 01:00:05,893
the striations are
not very clear.

960
01:00:07,437 --> 01:00:11,857
There's nothing really
distinctive in terms of

961
01:00:11,942 --> 01:00:18,489
the feed of the tool marks using
sand and, and copper.

962
01:00:18,573 --> 01:00:22,451
Now bringing the latex that they
took of the core

963
01:00:22,536 --> 01:00:27,748
in the Petrie Museum, and we see
something totally different.

964
01:00:29,668 --> 01:00:33,587
The striations are very clear,
and they're quite deep.

965
01:00:33,714 --> 01:00:37,383
The devil is actually in the
details, and the details

966
01:00:37,509 --> 01:00:41,929
of this particular artifact are
what I consider to be

967
01:00:42,014 --> 01:00:47,310
a smoking gun in terms of what
level of technology we give

968
01:00:47,394 --> 01:00:49,270
the ancient Egyptians
credit for.

969
01:00:53,066 --> 01:00:56,819
NARRATOR: Intrigued by his
discovery, Chris Dunn performed

970
01:00:56,945 --> 01:01:01,198
other experiments using his
precision instruments.

971
01:01:01,325 --> 01:01:03,701
DUNN:
As you can see,

972
01:01:03,785 --> 01:01:07,955
this is a... an inspection
surface plate, uh,

973
01:01:08,040 --> 01:01:13,294
probably ground to within
2/10,000 of an inch.

974
01:01:13,378 --> 01:01:17,173
That is one-tenth the thickness
of a human hair.

975
01:01:19,634 --> 01:01:23,971
Now, I was really amazed when I
went inside the serapeum

976
01:01:24,056 --> 01:01:28,225
and put these gauges up against
the surface,

977
01:01:28,352 --> 01:01:33,022
and found them to be
within what I consider to be

978
01:01:33,106 --> 01:01:37,109
the tolerance of these
particular gauges.

979
01:01:37,110 --> 01:01:41,864
If you would put a piece of
paper under one edge

980
01:01:41,990 --> 01:01:45,117
of that blade--
just a piece of paper--

981
01:01:45,118 --> 01:01:48,120
you begin to see
that there was...

982
01:01:48,205 --> 01:01:51,248
would be light leaking through.

983
01:01:51,375 --> 01:01:56,045
And so, the precision on the
inside of the granite boxes

984
01:01:56,129 --> 01:02:00,216
in the serapeum are,
I would say,

985
01:02:00,342 --> 01:02:05,179
within 2/1,000 of an inch,

986
01:02:05,263 --> 01:02:08,808
which is incredible, because
those tolerances can’t just

987
01:02:08,892 --> 01:02:11,394
appear by accident.

988
01:02:13,397 --> 01:02:15,147
It was very shocking.

989
01:02:15,148 --> 01:02:20,069
It was astounding to me to go to
Egypt and, uh, go into

990
01:02:20,153 --> 01:02:23,656
a facility that was supposedly
3,000 years old

991
01:02:23,782 --> 01:02:27,159
and find the same kind of
precision.

992
01:02:27,244 --> 01:02:29,787
I was amazed.

993
01:02:34,167 --> 01:02:38,379
I've seen evidence of the
carvings on granite done

994
01:02:38,463 --> 01:02:42,174
in Egypt, and they did... they
did it with little shards of,

995
01:02:42,175 --> 01:02:44,260
uh... of quartz.

996
01:02:44,386 --> 01:02:46,095
I believe they would have just

997
01:02:46,179 --> 01:02:48,305
scratched away the stone
with that.

998
01:02:48,432 --> 01:02:51,225
That's... that's one
possibility, but I mean,

999
01:02:51,309 --> 01:02:54,645
that's... that... that's a heck
of a lot of work to do that.

1000
01:02:54,729 --> 01:02:57,815
I mean, we're talking, somebody
would devote years to doing

1001
01:02:57,899 --> 01:03:00,192
something like that.

1002
01:03:00,193 --> 01:03:02,027
TSOUKALOS:
But here is my point.

1003
01:03:02,112 --> 01:03:05,197
Here we have a real-life
stonecutter-- you.

1004
01:03:05,282 --> 01:03:06,449
Yeah.

1005
01:03:06,533 --> 01:03:10,619
You see this, and there's, like,
smoke coming out of your head.

1006
01:03:10,704 --> 01:03:13,914
Let's put it this way-- I had a
client come in and ask me

1007
01:03:14,040 --> 01:03:16,959
to do that, I wouldn't do it for
any amount of money, because

1008
01:03:17,085 --> 01:03:20,963
I'm not going to waste my life
trying to replicate that.

1009
01:03:22,215 --> 01:03:25,092
NARRATOR: But precision-cut
stone monuments are not

1010
01:03:25,177 --> 01:03:29,096
the only enduring Middle Eastern
mysteries.

1011
01:03:29,181 --> 01:03:33,100
Engineering experts have also
examined the Bible story

1012
01:03:33,185 --> 01:03:36,061
of the Israelites' exodus
from Egypt.

1013
01:03:36,146 --> 01:03:40,065
Just how did they survive for
40 years in the desert?

1014
01:03:40,150 --> 01:03:43,235
Could they have possessed
intricate machines

1015
01:03:43,236 --> 01:03:46,697
with extraordinary abilities,
used not for building,

1016
01:03:46,781 --> 01:03:49,366
but for man's own survival?

1017
01:03:55,499 --> 01:03:59,168
NARRATOR: In the Hebrew Bible,
the Book of Exodus describes

1018
01:03:59,252 --> 01:04:02,755
how the Jewish people suffered
as slaves living in Egypt.

1019
01:04:05,717 --> 01:04:09,803
Then sometime in the 14th
century BC, the ruling pharaoh

1020
01:04:09,930 --> 01:04:13,307
feared their growing numbers
and ordered the killing of all

1021
01:04:13,391 --> 01:04:16,268
first-born Jews living in Egypt.

1022
01:04:18,021 --> 01:04:21,273
In an effort to save her son,
one mother put her child

1023
01:04:21,274 --> 01:04:26,237
in a small basket and set him
adrift on the Nile River.

1024
01:04:28,281 --> 01:04:31,283
That child was found by the
pharaoh's family,

1025
01:04:31,368 --> 01:04:35,746
who named him Moses and raised
him as their own.

1026
01:04:35,830 --> 01:04:40,167
As an adult, Moses discovered
his true identity and demanded

1027
01:04:40,252 --> 01:04:42,336
that the pharaoh free the Jews.

1028
01:04:42,420 --> 01:04:44,797
When the pharaoh rejected him,

1029
01:04:44,923 --> 01:04:47,341
Moses helped the Jews escape
from Egypt.

1030
01:04:47,425 --> 01:04:48,842
(thunder cracks)

1031
01:04:48,969 --> 01:04:52,304
Historians believe that Moses
and his people

1032
01:04:52,305 --> 01:04:56,767
crossed the Red Sea and made
their way into the Sinai Desert.

1033
01:04:56,851 --> 01:05:01,146
According to the ancient text,
God grew angry at the Jews

1034
01:05:01,231 --> 01:05:03,440
for idol-worshipping
and forced them

1035
01:05:03,567 --> 01:05:05,317
to wander the desert aimlessly

1036
01:05:05,318 --> 01:05:09,196
for 40 years before allowing
them to enter Israel.

1037
01:05:09,281 --> 01:05:12,950
During this time, the Bible says
the Israelites survived

1038
01:05:13,034 --> 01:05:16,287
by eating a single food source:
manna.

1039
01:05:16,329 --> 01:05:18,664
But what is manna?

1040
01:05:18,790 --> 01:05:22,334
A naturally abundant food
provided by God or,

1041
01:05:22,335 --> 01:05:25,754
as some believe,
something very different?

1042
01:05:25,839 --> 01:05:30,009
TUDOR PARFITT: In the Bible,
it explains how the Israelites

1043
01:05:30,093 --> 01:05:32,886
got from Egypt,
where they'd been slaves,

1044
01:05:33,013 --> 01:05:34,346
to the Promised Land.

1045
01:05:34,347 --> 01:05:38,058
They had to cross
the Sinai Desert.

1046
01:05:39,352 --> 01:05:43,355
And inevitably, given that there
was a lot of Israelites

1047
01:05:43,356 --> 01:05:46,400
and very little growing, as it
was a desert,

1048
01:05:46,484 --> 01:05:48,986
they ran short on supplies.

1049
01:05:49,070 --> 01:05:53,032
God stepped in at this point
and sent manna from heaven.

1050
01:05:53,116 --> 01:05:57,036
This took the form of some kind
of seeds that rained down

1051
01:05:57,120 --> 01:06:01,081
upon the desert, and then they
were collected the next day.

1052
01:06:01,207 --> 01:06:04,376
And they provided food for the
Israelites, except Friday,

1053
01:06:04,377 --> 01:06:07,379
when there was a double portion,
because on Saturday,

1054
01:06:07,464 --> 01:06:10,382
being the Sabbath,
it didn't fall.

1055
01:06:12,385 --> 01:06:14,428
NARRATOR: While the Hebrew Bible
fails to give

1056
01:06:14,512 --> 01:06:16,930
a clear description of manna,

1057
01:06:17,057 --> 01:06:21,935
another ancient Jewish text
provides an alternative clue.

1058
01:06:22,062 --> 01:06:25,606
The Zohar is a collection of
spiritual commentaries

1059
01:06:25,690 --> 01:06:29,401
and interpretations of the
Torah, and is central

1060
01:06:29,402 --> 01:06:32,863
to the mystical Kabbalah belief
written in the 13th century.

1061
01:06:32,947 --> 01:06:36,742
The Zohar describes what is
called the Ancient of Days

1062
01:06:36,868 --> 01:06:41,872
as providing the manna, but what
was this Ancient of Days?

1063
01:06:41,956 --> 01:06:45,959
A man, a god or something else?

1064
01:06:46,086 --> 01:06:50,756
The text speaks of
different-sized brains,

1065
01:06:50,882 --> 01:06:56,095
different-sized faces that were
connected with different tubes

1066
01:06:56,179 --> 01:06:59,181
and different light sources.

1067
01:06:59,307 --> 01:07:03,394
Theologians have suggested that
this is a description of God.

1068
01:07:03,436 --> 01:07:08,440
However, when looked at from a
modern perspective,

1069
01:07:08,483 --> 01:07:14,697
what is described in the Zohar
isn't necessarily a god figure,

1070
01:07:14,781 --> 01:07:18,409
but rather a type of machine.

1071
01:07:18,451 --> 01:07:20,869
NARRATOR: Intrigued by this
information,

1072
01:07:20,954 --> 01:07:25,416
two electrical engineers,
George Sassoon and Rodney Dale,

1073
01:07:25,458 --> 01:07:29,169
used the anatomical descriptions
of the Ancient of Days

1074
01:07:29,295 --> 01:07:32,214
to design what
they called a manna machine.

1075
01:07:34,175 --> 01:07:38,387
This really is-is the key
diagram of the manna machine,

1076
01:07:38,471 --> 01:07:41,473
as we built it up
from the texts.

1077
01:07:41,474 --> 01:07:46,311
For instance, one here is the
mouth, but it's actually

1078
01:07:46,396 --> 01:07:49,481
the air intake, which carries
what is described

1079
01:07:49,524 --> 01:07:52,109
as the breath of life.

1080
01:07:52,193 --> 01:07:56,488
The air goes up this tube here,
which is described as

1081
01:07:56,531 --> 01:07:59,158
the-the brain
of the Ancient One,

1082
01:07:59,242 --> 01:08:01,493
but is actually a dew still.

1083
01:08:01,494 --> 01:08:04,621
So that although we're talking
about the great sea

1084
01:08:04,748 --> 01:08:07,499
and the hairs of the beard and
so on, at the same time,

1085
01:08:07,500 --> 01:08:11,545
we were able to work out their
relative positions

1086
01:08:11,629 --> 01:08:14,965
and build out the specification
of the machine,

1087
01:08:15,049 --> 01:08:20,012
and find that we had something
that was biochemically viable.

1088
01:08:23,349 --> 01:08:26,560
(speaking German)

1089
01:08:26,644 --> 01:08:30,022
(translated): The machine took
in moist morning air

1090
01:08:30,148 --> 01:08:32,524
and condensed it in the part
of the machine

1091
01:08:32,525 --> 01:08:35,986
that looked like
a Plexiglas dome.

1092
01:08:36,070 --> 01:08:40,407
From there, it mixed
with an algae culture.

1093
01:08:40,492 --> 01:08:42,534
The culture was treated with
energy,

1094
01:08:42,535 --> 01:08:46,079
such as a strong laser light,
in order to speed the growth.

1095
01:08:48,500 --> 01:08:49,958
DALE: Of course,
it needed energy

1096
01:08:50,043 --> 01:08:51,835
for cultivating the algae.

1097
01:08:51,961 --> 01:08:55,255
And this was produced,
we postulate,

1098
01:08:55,381 --> 01:08:57,549
in a small nuclear
reactor, which would produce

1099
01:08:57,550 --> 01:08:59,551
both heat and light as required.

1100
01:09:02,472 --> 01:09:05,307
(Fiebag speaking German)

1101
01:09:05,433 --> 01:09:08,227
(translated): The manna machine
was a very dangerous device.

1102
01:09:08,311 --> 01:09:10,646
We suspect that the reactor that
powered the machine

1103
01:09:10,772 --> 01:09:13,565
was transported in the
Ark of the Covenant.

1104
01:09:17,821 --> 01:09:21,448
TSOUKALOS: We have multiple
references in the Bible

1105
01:09:21,533 --> 01:09:24,785
that whoever came close to the
Ark of the Covenant

1106
01:09:24,869 --> 01:09:29,581
and didn't know how to operate
it was smitten to death.

1107
01:09:29,666 --> 01:09:31,583
(thunder cracks)

1108
01:09:31,626 --> 01:09:36,880
And sometimes people, after they
encountered the Ark,

1109
01:09:37,006 --> 01:09:40,592
started to lose their nails and
started to lose their hair.

1110
01:09:40,635 --> 01:09:45,848
So we have evidence of some type
of radiation poisoning

1111
01:09:45,932 --> 01:09:50,227
which was in direct correlation
with the Ark of the Covenant.

1112
01:09:50,311 --> 01:09:53,564
And so,
the Ark of the Covenant housed

1113
01:09:53,606 --> 01:09:57,568
an extraterrestrial device which
was given to the Israelites

1114
01:09:57,610 --> 01:10:01,321
during their 40-year
wandering through the desert.

1115
01:10:02,615 --> 01:10:05,868
NARRATOR: The manna machine is
believed to have supplied

1116
01:10:05,952 --> 01:10:07,953
a highly nutritious form of
green algae,

1117
01:10:08,079 --> 01:10:10,622
or chlorella,
as its food source.

1118
01:10:10,665 --> 01:10:15,085
It's yet another theory
supported by modern science.

1119
01:10:15,169 --> 01:10:18,755
DALE: We found that work in the
field of space travel

1120
01:10:18,882 --> 01:10:23,260
had already been done, where the
green algae-- chlorella--

1121
01:10:23,344 --> 01:10:27,723
was bred in tanks and fed to
people living

1122
01:10:27,849 --> 01:10:32,561
in a closed environment
and kept them alive.

1123
01:10:32,645 --> 01:10:37,733
NARRATOR: Research studies done
by NASA in the 1960s and 1970s

1124
01:10:37,859 --> 01:10:40,277
established that human life
could be sustained

1125
01:10:40,361 --> 01:10:44,656
for extended periods of time by
consuming chlorella algae

1126
01:10:44,657 --> 01:10:45,657
and nothing else.

1127
01:10:45,742 --> 01:10:49,870
If it's possible for astronauts
to survive on algae,

1128
01:10:49,954 --> 01:10:52,664
could the Israelites
have done the same?

1129
01:10:56,294 --> 01:10:58,962
(translated): The manna machine
was a sensitive device.

1130
01:10:59,088 --> 01:11:01,173
In order to function properly,

1131
01:11:01,299 --> 01:11:04,760
it had to be cleaned
once a week.

1132
01:11:06,679 --> 01:11:09,681
On that day, the machine was
taken apart and cleaned,

1133
01:11:09,682 --> 01:11:12,684
so it's possible that the
Sabbath we have today

1134
01:11:12,727 --> 01:11:16,188
actually originated from
cleaning this machine.

1135
01:11:19,025 --> 01:11:22,736
DALE: One theory that one could
put forward, of course,

1136
01:11:22,820 --> 01:11:27,699
is that the machine, although
they knew how to maintain it

1137
01:11:27,742 --> 01:11:30,327
and make it produce the manna,

1138
01:11:30,411 --> 01:11:34,623
that it did after a time
pack up, not work anymore.

1139
01:11:34,707 --> 01:11:37,000
And that was why they came out
of the desert.

1140
01:11:37,126 --> 01:11:39,711
NARRATOR: But if the Israelites'
survival depended upon

1141
01:11:39,754 --> 01:11:42,714
the manna machine,
where did they get it?

1142
01:11:42,715 --> 01:11:45,676
Some believe they had stolen it
from the Egyptians

1143
01:11:45,718 --> 01:11:47,260
prior to their exodus.

1144
01:11:47,387 --> 01:11:50,681
Others suspect extraterrestrials
gave it to them

1145
01:11:50,723 --> 01:11:52,641
as a humanitarian gesture,

1146
01:11:52,725 --> 01:11:54,726
to prevent their starvation
in the desert.

1147
01:11:54,727 --> 01:11:59,564
Eitherway, the answer,
like the Ark of the Covenant,

1148
01:11:59,649 --> 01:12:01,149
seems lost to history.

1149
01:12:04,070 --> 01:12:07,739
Today, scientists have
successfully pioneered

1150
01:12:07,740 --> 01:12:11,076
a process that produces a
substance high in protein

1151
01:12:11,202 --> 01:12:15,747
by means of solar energy, water
vapor, and chlorella algae.

1152
01:12:15,832 --> 01:12:19,626
Could this be a duplication of
alien technology

1153
01:12:19,711 --> 01:12:21,503
from thousands of years ago?

1154
01:12:21,629 --> 01:12:26,633
They actually built a machine,
a machine based on

1155
01:12:26,718 --> 01:12:30,762
algae culture producing some
type of super food.

1156
01:12:30,805 --> 01:12:35,434
And we can find a similar type
of technology

1157
01:12:35,518 --> 01:12:37,769
described in the Zohar.

1158
01:12:37,854 --> 01:12:40,981
Is history repeating itself?

1159
01:12:41,065 --> 01:12:43,400
DALE:
One of the big questions is:

1160
01:12:43,484 --> 01:12:45,777
Where could the machine
come from?

1161
01:12:45,862 --> 01:12:48,655
And I suppose there are two
answers to that.

1162
01:12:48,740 --> 01:12:50,741
Either it was built on Earth,

1163
01:12:50,783 --> 01:12:54,327
which is a theory I can't
really subscribe to.

1164
01:12:54,454 --> 01:12:56,621
The other question of course is
that it might have come

1165
01:12:56,706 --> 01:12:58,623
from outer space somewhere.

1166
01:12:58,708 --> 01:13:02,794
Now, that's quite a big leap of
imagination, but of course

1167
01:13:02,795 --> 01:13:07,799
the interesting part is that it
actually produces food

1168
01:13:07,800 --> 01:13:10,552
as is used by a spacecraft.

1169
01:13:10,678 --> 01:13:13,722
NARRATOR: If the ancient world
contained manna machines,

1170
01:13:13,806 --> 01:13:17,684
giant mega-saws, and
sophisticated aircraft,

1171
01:13:17,769 --> 01:13:20,896
what was the energy source for
all of this technology?

1172
01:13:21,022 --> 01:13:24,941
The answer may be hiding in
plain sight.

1173
01:13:29,739 --> 01:13:33,658
Of all the ancient structures
located around the world,

1174
01:13:33,743 --> 01:13:36,661
perhaps none is more mysterious
or as enduring

1175
01:13:36,746 --> 01:13:41,333
as the Great Pyramid at Giza.

1176
01:13:41,459 --> 01:13:45,837
At a height of471 feet,
the Great Pyramid stood

1177
01:13:45,838 --> 01:13:48,090
as the tallest structure
in the world

1178
01:13:48,174 --> 01:13:52,344
until the completion
of the Eiffel Tower in 1889.

1179
01:13:52,470 --> 01:13:55,722
But while other pyramids and
temples contain walls

1180
01:13:55,807 --> 01:13:58,683
filled with hieroglyphics
describing their purpose,

1181
01:13:58,768 --> 01:14:01,853
the Great Pyramid lacks even
a single marking.

1182
01:14:01,854 --> 01:14:03,730
What was its function?

1183
01:14:03,815 --> 01:14:05,482
Why was it built?

1184
01:14:05,566 --> 01:14:08,193
And what secrets remain
hidden inside?

1185
01:14:08,319 --> 01:14:09,861
BAUVAL:
Nobody has been able

1186
01:14:09,862 --> 01:14:11,905
to explain the interior design
of this pyramid.

1187
01:14:11,989 --> 01:14:14,908
It simply doesn't make sense,
according to our logic.

1188
01:14:14,992 --> 01:14:17,994
You have narrow tunnels that you
have to crouch.

1189
01:14:18,121 --> 01:14:23,583
You emerge in grand galleries
that are nine meters high.

1190
01:14:23,709 --> 01:14:26,086
You have chambers that are made
of granite,

1191
01:14:26,170 --> 01:14:28,296
where granite doesn't
come from in the area.

1192
01:14:28,381 --> 01:14:32,551
You have to ship the granite by
barges 600 miles away.

1193
01:14:32,635 --> 01:14:35,846
TSOUKALOS:
It's an anonymous site.

1194
01:14:35,888 --> 01:14:37,889
Not a single inscription.

1195
01:14:37,890 --> 01:14:39,891
Not a single hieroglyph.

1196
01:14:39,892 --> 01:14:42,310
Not a single anything.

1197
01:14:42,395 --> 01:14:44,896
It's just there.

1198
01:14:47,775 --> 01:14:50,360
DUNN: Some people speculated
that it was a temple

1199
01:14:50,444 --> 01:14:53,655
and an initiation chamber,
where people would go

1200
01:14:53,781 --> 01:14:56,449
to the king's chamber
and become enlightened.

1201
01:14:56,576 --> 01:15:00,036
There are anecdotal reports
about people who have been

1202
01:15:00,163 --> 01:15:03,331
inside the pyramid and have come
out absolutely shaken and...

1203
01:15:03,416 --> 01:15:05,917
because it was haunted.

1204
01:15:10,256 --> 01:15:13,466
Egyptologists believe that
the pyramids were built

1205
01:15:13,593 --> 01:15:15,802
to bury the dead pharaoh.

1206
01:15:15,887 --> 01:15:18,930
The problem with the accepted
view is the fact that

1207
01:15:18,931 --> 01:15:22,559
not a single dead pharaoh's body
has been found inside a pyramid,

1208
01:15:22,643 --> 01:15:25,854
even when the pyramid was
completely sealed, i.e.,

1209
01:15:25,938 --> 01:15:29,399
not a single grave robber could
have entered it.

1210
01:15:29,483 --> 01:15:32,444
The Egyptologists say it's to
conceal the body.

1211
01:15:32,570 --> 01:15:34,946
Well, why advertise it?

1212
01:15:34,947 --> 01:15:36,448
I mean,
there's nothing more visible

1213
01:15:36,574 --> 01:15:38,950
than a pyramid for miles.

1214
01:15:41,579 --> 01:15:44,956
And to this day, you would have
thought, in this modern age,

1215
01:15:44,957 --> 01:15:46,666
with all the knowledge we have,

1216
01:15:46,792 --> 01:15:48,627
we should be able to explain
this pyramid.

1217
01:15:48,711 --> 01:15:50,629
We cannot explain this pyramid.

1218
01:15:52,423 --> 01:15:55,175
NARRATOR: Engineering expert
Christopher Dunn has been on

1219
01:15:55,259 --> 01:15:58,970
a personal quest to unlock the
secrets of the Great Pyramid

1220
01:15:58,971 --> 01:16:01,890
since the late 1970s.

1221
01:16:01,974 --> 01:16:04,851
According to him, there are
specific clues in the design

1222
01:16:04,936 --> 01:16:08,188
and construction of this
mega-monument that can help

1223
01:16:08,272 --> 01:16:11,983
answer exactly why it was built.

1224
01:16:12,026 --> 01:16:13,985
DUNN: When you look at
the Great Pyramid,

1225
01:16:14,070 --> 01:16:16,613
and look at the
culture that built it,

1226
01:16:16,697 --> 01:16:18,240
they're brilliant, brilliant
engineers.

1227
01:16:18,324 --> 01:16:19,658
In fact, a lot of engineers say

1228
01:16:19,742 --> 01:16:21,284
we couldn't build the Great
Pyramid today.

1229
01:16:21,410 --> 01:16:24,913
And it was built, supposedly,
4,500 years ago.

1230
01:16:24,997 --> 01:16:29,125
And it was built to the
precision of a machine.

1231
01:16:29,252 --> 01:16:33,004
When I started to do the
research and I examined

1232
01:16:33,089 --> 01:16:37,509
the Great Pyramid with the eye
of functionality,

1233
01:16:37,635 --> 01:16:40,220
um, it was built
like a machine.

1234
01:16:40,304 --> 01:16:42,555
Perhaps it functioned like a
machine.

1235
01:16:42,682 --> 01:16:46,726
NARRATOR: The interior design of
the Great Pyramid

1236
01:16:46,852 --> 01:16:49,896
features four inclined air
shafts emanating

1237
01:16:49,981 --> 01:16:53,066
from the king's chamber and the
lower queen's chamber.

1238
01:16:53,150 --> 01:16:57,153
Like the Great Pyramid itself,
their presence and purpose

1239
01:16:57,280 --> 01:16:59,948
cannot be easily explained.

1240
01:17:00,032 --> 01:17:02,784
The difficulty of building those
shafts is incredible.

1241
01:17:02,910 --> 01:17:04,703
It's a bit like building
a chimney

1242
01:17:04,787 --> 01:17:06,246
at an incline across a house.

1243
01:17:06,330 --> 01:17:09,499
I mean, as a construction
engineer, it's a nightmare.

1244
01:17:09,583 --> 01:17:14,254
NARRATOR: In 2002, a team of
engineers and Egyptologists

1245
01:17:14,338 --> 01:17:17,173
sent a small robot into one of
the airshafts

1246
01:17:17,300 --> 01:17:19,050
connected to the
queen's chamber.

1247
01:17:19,051 --> 01:17:24,055
After 65 meters, a stone door
blocked its path.

1248
01:17:24,098 --> 01:17:26,349
A hole was then drilled
through it.

1249
01:17:26,475 --> 01:17:30,562
On the other side was a small
room with yet another door

1250
01:17:30,688 --> 01:17:33,606
leading further up the shaft.

1251
01:17:33,733 --> 01:17:35,984
BAUVAL: Since the discovery of
the door,

1252
01:17:36,068 --> 01:17:40,196
we've had every university,
archeologist, anthropologist,

1254
01:17:45,953 --> 01:17:48,288
NARRATOR:
But were these shafts ever open?

1255
01:17:48,372 --> 01:17:52,083
And if they were, what might
they have been used for?

1256
01:17:52,084 --> 01:17:55,045
CHRIS DUNN: The early explorers
that went into

1257
01:17:55,087 --> 01:17:58,506
the queen's chamber found that
the walls were coated

1258
01:17:58,591 --> 01:18:00,091
with a layer of salt.

1259
01:18:00,092 --> 01:18:06,097
That kind of gelled with a
theory that I had developed.

1260
01:18:06,098 --> 01:18:10,310
You had a dilute hydrochloric
acid solution coming down

1261
01:18:10,394 --> 01:18:15,982
one shaft and hydrated zinc
coming down the other shaft.

1262
01:18:16,067 --> 01:18:18,985
And when they combined in the
queen's chamber,

1263
01:18:19,070 --> 01:18:20,111
they created hydrogen.

1264
01:18:20,154 --> 01:18:21,780
NARRATOR:
Hydrogen.

1265
01:18:21,864 --> 01:18:25,992
It is one of the most powerful
energy sources in the universe.

1266
01:18:26,077 --> 01:18:30,663
In the mid-19th century, it was
hydrogen gas that helped lift

1267
01:18:30,790 --> 01:18:33,958
some of mankind's first
airships, called zeppelins,

1268
01:18:34,043 --> 01:18:36,252
into the sky.

1269
01:18:36,379 --> 01:18:40,840
Today, it is used as a fuel to
launch rockets into space.

1270
01:18:40,966 --> 01:18:45,887
And if, thousands of years ago,
the Great Pyramid was actually

1271
01:18:46,013 --> 01:18:49,391
producing hydrogen, that would
make it one of the earliest

1272
01:18:49,475 --> 01:18:52,477
power plants known to man.

1273
01:18:52,603 --> 01:18:55,021
DUNN:
The Giza power plant theory

1274
01:18:55,106 --> 01:18:59,567
is essentially the
drawing of energy from the Earth

1275
01:18:59,652 --> 01:19:01,152
through the Great Pyramid,

1276
01:19:01,153 --> 01:19:06,282
and converting that energy into
microwave energy.

1277
01:19:06,409 --> 01:19:10,578
So the chemicals actually come
in through the shafts

1278
01:19:10,663 --> 01:19:14,040
into the queen's chamber, and
then they combine and mix

1279
01:19:14,125 --> 01:19:15,667
and hydrogen boils off.

1280
01:19:15,793 --> 01:19:19,421
The hydrogen is then lighter
than air and it will flow into

1281
01:19:19,505 --> 01:19:21,089
all the upper chambers.

1282
01:19:21,173 --> 01:19:25,301
The energy from the Earth is
then vibrating

1283
01:19:25,428 --> 01:19:27,429
the whole pyramid.

1284
01:19:27,513 --> 01:19:30,515
The vibrations are picked up in
the Grand Gallery.

1285
01:19:30,641 --> 01:19:35,478
So I proposed the Grand Gallery
was a resonator hall

1286
01:19:35,604 --> 01:19:41,192
and there are 27 pair of slots
that actually go up the length

1287
01:19:41,193 --> 01:19:43,194
of the gallery
and then the resonators were

1288
01:19:43,195 --> 01:19:45,196
mounted in there vertically.

1289
01:19:45,197 --> 01:19:48,199
CHILDRESS: Christopher Dunn is
theorizing

1290
01:19:48,200 --> 01:19:52,203
that with resonating
galleries, the pyramid shot

1291
01:19:52,288 --> 01:19:55,206
a microwave out
of one of the shafts.

1292
01:19:55,207 --> 01:19:58,668
And once you started up
this power plant,

1293
01:19:58,752 --> 01:20:03,214
it would have gone on for years,
decades, even hundreds of years

1294
01:20:03,215 --> 01:20:05,675
without stopping and creating
the microwave.

1295
01:20:05,759 --> 01:20:09,762
And that was a usable energy
that could be captured.

1296
01:20:09,889 --> 01:20:13,057
DUNN: Now we can speculate where
it goes from there.

1297
01:20:13,142 --> 01:20:15,894
It could be collected in the
immediate vicinity,

1298
01:20:15,978 --> 01:20:18,271
or it could
keep traveling off into space.

1299
01:20:18,355 --> 01:20:19,898
We don't know.

1300
01:20:19,982 --> 01:20:21,566
That's the mystery.

1301
01:20:23,110 --> 01:20:25,904
NARRATOR: But if the Great
Pyramid was actually

1302
01:20:25,988 --> 01:20:30,283
a power plant producing energy,
was it doing it alone,

1303
01:20:30,367 --> 01:20:34,287
or was it part
of a larger network?

1304
01:20:34,371 --> 01:20:37,790
And are there any clues that
could tell us what all of that

1305
01:20:37,917 --> 01:20:40,335
energy was being used for?

1306
01:20:48,093 --> 01:20:49,719
NARRATOR:
Perhaps the 20th century's

1307
01:20:49,803 --> 01:20:53,264
most influential inventor
was a Serbian-American

1308
01:20:53,265 --> 01:20:56,184
named Nikola Tesla.

1309
01:20:56,268 --> 01:21:00,271
His patents on alternating
electrical currents

1310
01:21:00,272 --> 01:21:02,982
and distribution helped
establish

1311
01:21:03,108 --> 01:21:06,277
the commercial electricity
industry.

1312
01:21:06,320 --> 01:21:09,822
He also made contributions to
robotics,

1313
01:21:09,949 --> 01:21:13,284
radar, and computer science.

1314
01:21:15,996 --> 01:21:20,166
But while Tesla can be credited
for many scientific advances,

1315
01:21:20,251 --> 01:21:23,211
one idea that fell short was his
attempt to create

1316
01:21:23,295 --> 01:21:25,296
a wireless electrical grid.

1317
01:21:25,297 --> 01:21:27,298
CHILDRESS:
Tesla's project

1318
01:21:27,299 --> 01:21:31,636
was to have these towers around
the United States

1319
01:21:31,762 --> 01:21:33,304
and around the world.

1320
01:21:33,305 --> 01:21:36,516
And they would broadcast
electricity

1321
01:21:36,600 --> 01:21:39,644
like a television station.

1322
01:21:42,648 --> 01:21:44,190
FRISBEE:
Instead of having to string

1323
01:21:44,275 --> 01:21:48,361
power lines all over the place,
you just transmit the energy

1324
01:21:48,445 --> 01:21:50,947
through the air
or through the ground.

1325
01:21:53,367 --> 01:21:57,328
There were a number of
demonstrations of this device

1326
01:21:57,329 --> 01:22:02,208
for wireless power transmission
during Tesla's lifetime.

1327
01:22:02,293 --> 01:22:04,544
So, we know the device worked.

1328
01:22:06,338 --> 01:22:11,676
It appears that he was using the
conductivity of the ground

1329
01:22:11,802 --> 01:22:14,887
or the air to carry
the electric current.

1330
01:22:15,014 --> 01:22:19,350
Basically in the air, if you put
enough voltage on it,

1331
01:22:19,351 --> 01:22:21,477
you'll get an arc across it.

1332
01:22:21,604 --> 01:22:25,398
I mean, you see that all the
time in a fluorescent light bulb.

1333
01:22:25,482 --> 01:22:28,359
In the ground you have water,
minerals, salts

1334
01:22:28,360 --> 01:22:30,862
that can also
carry the ions along,

1335
01:22:30,988 --> 01:22:33,489
and therefore carry the electric
current.

1336
01:22:35,367 --> 01:22:38,369
NARRATOR: But while Tesla's
power towers proved popular

1337
01:22:38,370 --> 01:22:43,374
in theory, the project ended in
financial failure.

1338
01:22:43,375 --> 01:22:47,378
But could Tesla's idea of
wireless electricity have been

1339
01:22:47,379 --> 01:22:51,674
a rediscovery of an ancient
technology?

1340
01:22:56,889 --> 01:23:00,516
I believe that what Tesla was
doing was trying

1341
01:23:00,643 --> 01:23:05,521
to recreate what was an ancient
power system

1342
01:23:05,648 --> 01:23:08,399
that was used
around the world,

1343
01:23:08,442 --> 01:23:13,696
and the way they did this was
the use of obelisks.

1344
01:23:19,370 --> 01:23:24,165
Obelisks as monolithic,
granite towers,

1345
01:23:24,291 --> 01:23:27,293
which are one solid
piece of crystal,

1346
01:23:27,378 --> 01:23:30,088
and the obelisks themselves
were cut

1347
01:23:30,172 --> 01:23:34,300
to special sizes and tuned like
a tuning fork.

1348
01:23:35,427 --> 01:23:38,763
NARRATOR: Could these ancient
broadcast towers really have

1349
01:23:38,889 --> 01:23:42,433
sent electricity up into the
atmosphere?

1350
01:23:42,434 --> 01:23:46,396
And if so, how was the
electricity generated?

1351
01:23:46,438 --> 01:23:49,524
Each of these obelisks would
have required

1352
01:23:49,650 --> 01:23:53,069
some kind of
generating power station

1353
01:23:53,153 --> 01:23:54,946
similar to what we have today.

1354
01:23:55,072 --> 01:23:59,659
Electricity is created by
rotating magnetic fields.

1355
01:23:59,743 --> 01:24:03,454
So rotating magnetic fields
generate AC power.

1356
01:24:03,455 --> 01:24:06,749
The very first power station was
built by Nikola Tesla

1357
01:24:06,875 --> 01:24:09,335
at Niagara Falls.

1358
01:24:09,420 --> 01:24:13,423
You've got to have some sort of
power that's spinning

1359
01:24:13,465 --> 01:24:18,511
the rotating fields, and in this
case it would be water.

1360
01:24:18,595 --> 01:24:22,014
So every obelisk would have had
to have had a power station

1361
01:24:22,141 --> 01:24:24,392
similar to like the one at
Niagara Falls.

1362
01:24:24,476 --> 01:24:27,895
It's generating power, but the
obelisk itself is putting

1363
01:24:27,980 --> 01:24:31,482
the power into the atmosphere,
making it useable.

1364
01:24:31,525 --> 01:24:35,111
And this is similar to
Christopher Dunn's theory

1365
01:24:35,195 --> 01:24:38,489
of the Giza power plant,
because he believes

1366
01:24:38,574 --> 01:24:41,492
that the Great Pyramid
was actually sending

1367
01:24:41,535 --> 01:24:45,496
a microwave beam to a satellite
that was in orbit

1368
01:24:45,539 --> 01:24:47,582
around the planet.

1369
01:24:47,708 --> 01:24:52,754
That satellite then could have
been taking microwave power

1370
01:24:52,838 --> 01:24:56,466
and then it could transmit it
again, in theory,

1371
01:24:56,508 --> 01:24:59,510
to some other
location on the Earth, such as,

1372
01:24:59,511 --> 01:25:04,056
say, a remote island like Easter
Island or something like that.

1373
01:25:04,183 --> 01:25:06,184
From some of the descriptions

1374
01:25:06,268 --> 01:25:10,354
of ancient flying
machines, it's possible that

1375
01:25:10,439 --> 01:25:13,524
some form of power beaming
might have been used.

1376
01:25:13,525 --> 01:25:18,654
And in fact, for a lot of the
schemes that you see,

1377
01:25:18,781 --> 01:25:22,533
it actually would make a lot of
sense because you could put

1378
01:25:22,534 --> 01:25:27,538
the power beaming station on a
mother ship in orbit.

1379
01:25:27,581 --> 01:25:31,209
You're just beaming energy to
the vehicle, where it's

1380
01:25:31,293 --> 01:25:34,504
absorbed and turned into
propulsion thrust.

1381
01:25:34,546 --> 01:25:37,590
It actually makes a lot of
sense, because you're taking

1382
01:25:37,674 --> 01:25:42,053
the energy system, the power
system, off of the vehicle

1383
01:25:42,179 --> 01:25:44,430
and locating it remotely.

1384
01:25:48,060 --> 01:25:50,770
NARRATOR:
Electricity...

1385
01:25:50,854 --> 01:25:53,064
power tools...

1386
01:25:53,190 --> 01:25:55,900
mega-machinery...

1387
01:25:56,026 --> 01:25:59,278
and the ability to explore
the heavens...

1388
01:26:02,574 --> 01:26:04,617
Have these
technologies been available

1389
01:26:04,701 --> 01:26:07,537
for just the past few centuries?

1390
01:26:07,579 --> 01:26:12,875
Or are they of ancient origin,
only recently rediscovered?

1391
01:26:13,001 --> 01:26:16,587
Were our ancestors capable of
these incredible achievements?

1392
01:26:16,588 --> 01:26:19,715
Or might they have come from
another source,

1393
01:26:19,842 --> 01:26:23,594
one much more out of this world?

1394
01:26:25,472 --> 01:26:27,598
CHILDRESS: Civilizations were
much more advanced

1395
01:26:27,641 --> 01:26:29,141
than we give them credit,

1396
01:26:29,268 --> 01:26:32,812
and literally,
as advanced as we are today.

1397
01:26:36,108 --> 01:26:38,943
BAUVAL: In my view, we need to
take this seriously,

1398
01:26:39,069 --> 01:26:41,070
simply because of the scale of
the work.

1399
01:26:41,154 --> 01:26:43,030
We're looking at monuments
that took, perhaps,

1400
01:26:43,115 --> 01:26:45,074
a century to build.

1401
01:26:45,158 --> 01:26:48,619
Even today, we have difficulty
in considering such a project.

1402
01:26:48,620 --> 01:26:50,955
DUNN:
It just boggles the mind.

1403
01:26:51,081 --> 01:26:53,958
And really, to look at those
artifacts

1404
01:26:54,084 --> 01:26:57,378
and to go back in time and say,
"How did they do it?"

1405
01:26:57,504 --> 01:27:00,631
we are kind of cracking the lid
open a little bit and looking

1406
01:27:00,632 --> 01:27:03,718
inside to try and see just what
happened in our history.

1407
01:27:03,844 --> 01:27:06,888
It's a question which is a
scientific question.

1408
01:27:06,972 --> 01:27:08,639
And you constantly
have to ask it.

1409
01:27:08,640 --> 01:27:12,476
And the possible answer of "Have
aliens visited in the past?"

1410
01:27:12,561 --> 01:27:14,770
could be a potential yes.

1411
01:27:19,651 --> 01:27:22,653
TSOUKALOS: It's a very specific
reason why all of this stuff

1412
01:27:22,696 --> 01:27:28,618
was built in stone: for
posterity, so it would last.

1413
01:27:28,660 --> 01:27:31,370
So that a future generation

1414
01:27:31,496 --> 01:27:37,209
would have to stumble across
these monuments.

1415
01:27:37,336 --> 01:27:41,672
We are that society who can look
at these ancient monuments

1416
01:27:41,673 --> 01:27:45,718
and finally recognize that all
of this stuff was built

1417
01:27:45,802 --> 01:27:51,682
as a message for us to see that
our past is way different

1418
01:27:51,767 --> 01:27:55,686
than what
we're being taught in school.